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Background: The placenta is a highly specialized temporary organ that is related to fetal development and pregnancy outcomes, and epidemiological data demonstrate an increased risk of placental abnormality after in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET). Methods: This study examines alterations in the transcriptome profile of first-trimester placentas from IVF-ET pregnancies and analyzes the potential mechanisms that play a role in the adverse perinatal outcomes associated with IVF-ET procedures. Four human placental villi from first-trimester samples were obtained through fetal bud aspiration from patients subjected to IVF-ET due to oviductal factors. An additional four control human placental villi were derived from a group of subjects who spontaneously conceived a twin pregnancy. We analyzed their transcriptomes by microarray. Then, RT-qPCR and immunohistochemistry were utilized to analyze several dysregulated genes to validate the microarray results. Biological functions and pathways were analyzed with bioinformatics tools. Results: A total of 3405 differentially regulated genes were identified as significantly dysregulated (> 2-fold change; P < 0.05) in the IVF-ET placenta in the first trimester: 1910 upregulated and 1495 downregulated genes. Functional enrichment analysis of the differentially regulated genes demonstrated that the genes were involved in more than 50 biological processes and pathways that have been shown to play important roles in the first trimester in vivo. These pathways can be clustered into coagulation cascades, immune response, transmembrane signaling, metabolism, cell cycle, stress control, invasion and vascularization. Nearly the same number of up-and downregulated genes participate in the same biological processes related to placental development and maintenance. Procedures utilized in IVF-ET altered the expression of first-trimester placental genes that are critical to these biological processes and triggered a compensatory mechanism during early implantation in vivo. Conclusion: These data provide a potential basis for further analysis of the higher frequency of adverse perinatal outcomes following IVF-ET, with the ultimate goal of developing safer IVF-ET protocols.

Background: Chronic viral hepatitis b and its related complications have caused serious harm to human health and become a worldwide public health problem. Hepatitis b cirrhosis is one of the most common complications in Asia. Traditional Chinese medicine combined with antiviral therapy has become the first choice for clinical treatment of hepatitis b Cirrhosis. Biejia Pill is an effective prescription of traditional Chinese medicine in treating Compensatory period of cirrhosis, and there are more and more clinical reports about its validity in treating Compensatory period of cirrhosis. Therefore, we designed this study protocol to evaluate the adjuvant role of Biejia Pill in the treatment of Compensatory period of cirrhosis. Method: Electronic Databases, PubMed, EMBASE database, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wan Fang, Chinese Scientific Journals Database (VIP) and China Biology Medicine disc, (CBM), will be systematically searched from inception to July 2019. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on Biejiajian Pill combined with Entecavir and Entecavir alone against Compensatory period of hepatitis b cirrhosis will be included; inclusion and exclusion criteria will be used to screen the trials. liver fibrosis biomarkers including ECM or its metabolites (serum hyaluronic acid (HA), laminin (LN), procollagen type III (PC-III), and type IV collagen (IV-C)) will be measured as primary outcomes. Liver function, including alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartarte aminotransferase (AST), and improvement of related clinical symptoms will be measured as secondary outcomes. RevMan5 software will be used for literature quality evaluation and data synthesis and analysis. Result: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Biejiajian Pill in combination therapy by observing the outcomes of serum liver fibrosis markers, adverse reactions and liver function. Conclusion: This study protocol will be used to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Biejia Pill in combination with entecavir in the treatment of Compensatory period of hepatitis b cirrhosis, as well as the adjuvant treatment of Biejia Pill in combination. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42019135402

Background:Bronchial asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases in the world and has become a serious public health problem. Combination therapy has become the first choice for clinical treatment of bronchial asthma. In addition to the combined use of routine medication, traditional Chinese medicine as an adjuvant therapy is also considered. Xiaoqinglong Decoction (XQLD) is an effective prescription of traditional Chinese medicine in treating asthma, and there are more and more clinical reports about its combination with western medicine in treating asthma. Therefore, we designed this study protocol to evaluate the adjuvant role of XQLD in the treatment of bronchial asthma.Method:The following electronic databases will be systematically searched from inception to April 2019: PubMed, EMBASE database, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wan Fang, Chinese Scientific Journals Database (VIP), and China Biology Medicine disc, (CBM). And the following primary outcomes will be tested, including effective rate (ER), pulmonary function (FEV1, PEF, FEV1/FVC), adverse reactions (AR). RevMan5 software will be used for literature quality evaluation and stata14.0 software will be used for data synthesis and analysis.Result:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Xiaoqinglong decoction in combination therapy by observing the outcomes of efficacy, adverse reactions and pulmonary function.Conclusion:This study protocol will be used to evaluate the efficacy and safety of XQLD in combination with conventional drugs in the treatment of bronchial asthma, as well as the adjuvant role of XQLD in combination.PROSPERO registration number:CRD42019133549

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