Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small non-coding, highly stable RNAs, have been reported to have diagnostic value for variety types of cancers. Objectives: To assess the diagnostic value of circulating miR-145 for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) by using systemic review and meta-analysis. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in five databases until 20 February 2020 to identify diagnostic trials of miR-145 in the diagnosis of NSCLC. The quality of included studies was assessed by the QUADAS-2 tool with Review Manager 5.3, and the summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve was plotted by STATA 13.1 software. Results: A total of 1394 patients from 11 data sets in trials (published in nine studies) were recruited. The area under the curve of the SROC was 0.83. According to the meta regression, the specimen selection was considered the source of heterogeneity, the SROC in serum (0.90 (95% CI 0.87, 0.92), the sensitivity was 0.84 (95% CI 0.79, 0.89), and the specificity was 0.80 (95% CI 0.71, 0.89)) was obviously higher than that in plasma (SROC=0.75). Conclusion: Serum miR-145 might be served as a potentially useful biomarker for NSCLC diagnosis. However, due to the existing limited-quality research, more large-scale and multicenter studies are required for further verification.

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Early clinical stability has been proven to be vital for the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). This research retrospectively analyzed the predictive implication of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and confusion, urea >7 mmol/L, respiratory rate ⩾30 breaths/min, low blood pressure, and age ⩾65 years (CURB-65) score to predict early clinical stability of the adult CAP. Clinical data, CURB-65 scores, pneumonia severity index (PSI) scores, NLR on admission (within 24 h) of 230 patients between January 2012 and June 2015 were obtained from the Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University. Instable patients had significantly higher CURB-65, PSI, white blood cell (WBC), neutrophil, and NLR than the stable patients (P < 0.05); NLR was positively correlated with CURB-65 (r = 0.270, P < 0.001) and PSI (r = 0.316, P < 0.001). NLR and CURB-65 were screened as risk factors through the discriminant analysis. The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.662 (95% confidence interval (CI): (0.569, 0.756), P = 0.002) for NLR, 0.670 (95% CI (0.569, 0.772) P = 0.001) for CURB-65. The enhanced predictive power was observed for combining NLR-CURB-65 with the AUC of 0.704 (95% CI (0.606, 0.802), P < 0.001). The risk of early clinical instability rose significantly in patients with NLR (odds ratio (OR) = 3.440, 95% CI (1.741, 6.798) with the cut-off value of NLR = 6.161) and higher CURB-65 (OR = 3.797, 95% CI (1.801, 8.005), with the CURB-65 cut-off value of 1.5). Both NLR and CURB-65 are qualitatively accurate for predicting early clinical stability of CAP, an accuracy-enhanced predicting power was observed in the NLR-CURB-65 combined test, further large-sample studies are required to validate the conclusion.

Aim Remnant cholesterol has been investigated as a predictor for the progression of DN in type 1 diabetes mellitus patients, as well as the incidence of DN in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. This study aimed to evaluate the longitudinal relationship between baseline remnant cholesterol and kidney outcomes using a Chinese T2DM with biopsy-confirmed DN cohort. Methods We included 334 patients with T2DM and biopsy-confirmed DN during 2010–2019 West China Hospital T2DM-DN cohort. Remnant cholesterol was defined by Martin-Hopkins equation. Patients were divided into four groups based on the median (IQR) remnant cholesterol concentration at the time of renal biopsy. The kidney outcome was defined as ESKD. The relationship between remnant cholesterol and kidney outcome was analyzed using the Kaplan‒Meier method and Cox regression analysis. Results The mean age was 51.1 years, and 235 (70%) were men. During follow-up, a total of 121 (36.2%) patients reached ESKD. The Kaplan‒Meier analysis showed that patients in the highest quartile (quartile 4) group had lower cumulative renal survival (log-rank test, p = 0.033) and shorter median renal survival time [34.0 (26.4–41.6) vs 55.0 (29.8–80.2) months] than patients in the lowest quartile (quartile 1) group. By univariate analysis, the high remnant cholesterol group was associated with a higher risk of progression to ESKD. Moreover, the risk of progression to ESKD in the highest quartile was still 2.857-fold (95% CI 1.305–6.257, p = 0.009) higher than that in the lowest quartile, and one-SD increase of remnant cholesterol was associated with a higher risk (HR = 1.424, 95% CI 1.075–1.886, p = 0.014) of progression to ESKD, after adjusted for confounding factors. Conclusions High remnant cholesterol is independently associated with a higher risk of ESKD in patients with T2DM-DN, and it may be a new noninvasive marker of ESKD. Clinical relevance: Calculated remnant cholesterol has the advantages of being economical and clinically accessible. Moreover, to our knowledge, there are no longitudinal cohort studies for investigating the risk of progression of T2DM-DN to ESKD. In our study, higher remnant cholesterol was associated with a higher risk of ESKD in patients with T2DM-DN, and it may be a new noninvasive predictor of ESKD.