Aristolochic acid I (AA-I), one of the main active components in Aristolochaia herbs, may induce aristolochic acid nephropathy (AAN). Renal interstitial fibrosis is one of the most typical features of AAN. To investigate the mechanism of Aristolochic acid I (AA-I) -induced renal epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and determine the role of aquaporin-1 (AQP1) in this process, we established an AA-I-induced EMT model in human proximal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2 cells). Morphological examination, MTT assay, and Western blot analysis were performed. Aquaporin 1 (AQP1) and several EMT-related proteins were detected, thereby suggesting the occurrence of AA-I-induced EMT. Two main pathways of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling, namely, Smad-dependent and Smad-independent signaling pathways, were also detected. The results showed that the TGF-β / Smad-independent signaling pathways (β-catenin, Ras-Raf-Erk1/2 signaling pathways) were activated, and AQP1 expression was decreased during the AA-I induced EMT on HK-2 cells. With the presence of TGF-β1 receptor inhibitor (LY364947) and Erk1/2 inhibitor (PD98059), AQP1 expression was altered by PD98059, suggested that AQP1 could be adjusted by Erk1/2 signaling. Moreover, the inhibitory effect of AA-I on AQP1 was stronger than that of TGF-β1, suggested that AQP1 may be an important target on AAN clinical therapy.

Glass is an important commodity on the ancient Silk Road, which is of great value to the study of ancient Chinese and Western trade. In this paper, aiming at the classification of glass cultural relics, the glass type assessment classification model and the random forest model are constructed by analyzing the proportion data of chemical composition content of existing glass samples. This paper summarizes the classification rules of two types of glass by drawing the pie chart of the proportion of each chemical component of high potassium glass and lead barium glass, and combining with a large number of literatures on glass weathering: the glass with high potassium oxide content is judged as high potassium glass; The probability of higher proportion of lead oxide and barium oxide is lead barium glass. Then, this paper selects several chemical components that occupy the main position in the composition as the standard, divides the lead barium glass and high potassium glass into three different subcategories, establishes the glass type evaluation classification model, uses C language, adopts multiple cycle logic nesting, and conducts the main division of glass categories, then introduces Di parameter to further deepen the division of glass categories, and runs each group of programs, Specific classification results can be obtained and brought into the data to obtain classification results. Finally, the sensitivity and rationality of classification results are analyzed by constructing two-dimensional descriptive statistical images of variances and influence parameters of high potassium glass and lead barium glass respectively.

A new Cd(ii) coordination polymers, formulated as [Cd(1,4-chdc)(L)] n (1) (L = 1-(1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthrolin-2-yl)naphthalen-2-ol ligands and 1,4-H2chdc = 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylate acid), were successfully synthesized by using L ligand and 1,4-H2chdc acid under hydrothermal conditions and characterized by single crystal X-ray elemental analyses, diffraction, and IR spectroscopy. Each Cd(ii) atom is a distorted pentagonal bipyramidal geometry connecting the deprotonated 1,4-chdc anion to form a 2D layer, and a 2D layer is formed into a 3D supramolecular structure by the π–π stacking interactions between neighboring layers.