In Lorentz–Minkowski space, the angles between any two non-null vectors have been defined in the sense of the angles in Euclidean space. In this work, the angles relating to lightlike vectors are characterized by the Frenet frame of a pseudo null curve and the angles between any two non-null vectors in Minkowski 3-space. Meanwhile, the explicit measuring methods are demonstrated through several examples.

In this work, the embankment surfaces with pseudo null base curves are investigated in Minkowski 3-space. The representation formula of pseudo null curves is obtained via the defined structure functions and the k-type pseudo null helices are discussed completely. Based on the theories of pseudo null curves, a class of embankment surfaces are constructed and characterized by the structure functions of the pseudo null base curves.

In the present work, the notion of generalized Cheng–Yau 1-type Gauss map is proposed, which is similar to the idea of generalized 1-type Gauss maps. Based on this concept, the surfaces of revolution and the canal surfaces in the Euclidean three-space are classified. First of all, we show that the Gauss map of any surfaces of revolution with a unit speed profile curve is of generalized Cheng–Yau 1-type. At the same time, an oriented canal surface has a generalized Cheng–Yau 1-type Gauss map if, and only if, it is an open part of a surface of revolution or a torus.

In this work, we study the canal surfaces foliated by pseudo spheres S12 along a Frenet curve in terms of their Gauss maps in Minkowski 3-space. Such kind of surfaces with pointwise 1-type Gauss maps are classified completely. For example, the canal surface with proper pointwise 1-type Gauss map of the first kind if and only if it is a part of a minimal surface of revolution.

In this work, a kind of normal partner curves of a pseudo null curve on dual space forms is defined and studied. The Frenet frames and curvatures of a pseudo null curve and its associate normal curve on de-Sitter space, its associate normal curve on hyperbolic space, are related by some particular function and the angles between their tangent vector fields, respectively. Meanwhile, the relationships between the normal partner curves of a pseudo null curve are revealed. Last but not least, some examples are given and their graphs are plotted by the aid of a software programme.