The purpose. To develop effective models and systems of grassland forage production on natural forage lands of various soil and climatic regions of the country on the basis of adaptive technologies for the creation and use of hay-pasture grass stands. Methods. Analysis, synthesis, generalization, field experience. Results. Theoretical justification is made and ways are outlined for further perfecting grassland systems and techniques of building cultivated grasslands for rural communities with the purpose of intensification of milk cattle husbandry of Ukraine, solution of ecological problems and heightening economic efficiency of perspective for production of innovative development. Directions of production of high-quality feedstuff and approaches to preserving biodiversity in grassland systems in conditions of global climate fluctuations are shown. Conclusions. Modern development of grassland forage production should be based on ecological-biological principles of formation of the dominant adapted pascual agrophytocenosis and new systems of grazing depending on climatic and anthropogenous factors. Implementation of innovative developments will raise productivity of animal husbandry in public sector, will create premises to augmentation of cattle stock and stability improvement of traditional milk cattle husbandry to climate fluctuations.

Purpose. Optimization study of the spatial arrangement of the components in binary legume-cereal grass mixtures by selecting a complementary composition of the phytocenosis, the method of sowing perennial grasses to create hayfields with sand sainfoin in the Right Bank Forest-Steppe natural zone of Ukraine. Successful placement of legumes and cereals in two-component mixtures significantly eliminates the negative interaction at different stages of ontogenesis, reduces interspecific competition for environmental resources, balances the structure of the phytocenosis, increases its productivity and prolongs the productive life of the sown hayfields. Methods. System analysis, field, laboratory, comparative calculation methods. Results. The field experiment investigated the influence of the spatial arrangement of sand sainfoin under various methods of sowing with medium wheatgrass, team wheatgrass, ryegrass and high ryegrass on the yield of dry matter, feed units, crude protein, metabolic energy and providing the feed unit with digestible protein. It is established that in comparison with the traditional row mixed method of sowing binary mixtures of sand sainfoin with different types of cereals the highest yield of dry matter, feed units, crude protein, metabolic energy (on average for three years) was obtained by cross and cross-row methods. The highest yield of crude protein and the supply of feed unit with digestible protein was obtained by cross-sowing method. Conclusions. The influence of spatial arrangement of sandy sainfoin and cereal grasses on the formation of phytocenosis and its forage productivity is substantiated. The prospects of cross and cross-row sowing methods of binary sainfoin-cereal grass mixtures are proved. This arrangement of legumes and cereals reduces interspecific competition for environmental resources, balances the structure of the phytocenosis, increases its productivity and the quality of the grass mass and prolongs the productive life of the sown hayfields.

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Purpose. To study the level of productivity and analyze the bioenergetic efficiency of growing fodder crops in organic plant raw materials production. Methods. Methods of field and laboratory research in feed production, method of hypotheses, dialectical method, method of synthesis, method of analysis, method of induction, statistical method. Results. The results of scientific research on the cultivation of organic raw materials from early spring crops, winter intermediate crops and late spring crops are highlighted. The influence of winter grain crops on the growth processes of legume components in mixed agrophytocenoses is revealed, the specificity of their stratification is studied. Growing winter mixtures ripening at different times ensures a consistent supply of vegetable raw materials from the third decade of May for 10-15 days with a yield of green mass of 19.8-24.2 t/ha and crude protein 0.517-0.811 t/ha. Grain productivity of spring early crops on the background of organic fertilizers was 3.92-4.79 t/ha. It was found that late spring fodder crops in post-harvest crops are able to provide a full crop of vegetable raw materials – corn with FAO 250 and sugar sorghum in the phase of milk-wax ripeness of grain reached the level of 33.3-35.5 t/ha of green mass. 55.5-59.9 t/ha of green mass with a dry matter yield of 12.3-13.8 t/ha were obtained for the minimum tillage and the aftereffects of winter intermediate crops for two harvests from the forage area per year. Conclusions. The research developed the structure of fodder crop rotation for the production of organic fodder in conditions of the right-bank Forest-Steppe, proved the efficiency of using the range of spring early ear grain crops and species composition of late spring crops for grain and silage production, optimized seeding rates and selected species for cultivation in intermediate crops of fodder crop rotation for green fodder and haylage. This system of fodder production provides organic products in the form of vegetable raw materials for green fodder or haylage, cornage and organic grain in terms of efficient use of agro-climatic resources and arable land in the right-bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine.