Purpose. To study the level of productivity and analyze the bioenergetic efficiency of growing fodder crops in organic plant raw materials production. Methods. Methods of field and laboratory research in feed production, method of hypotheses, dialectical method, method of synthesis, method of analysis, method of induction, statistical method. Results. The results of scientific research on the cultivation of organic raw materials from early spring crops, winter intermediate crops and late spring crops are highlighted. The influence of winter grain crops on the growth processes of legume components in mixed agrophytocenoses is revealed, the specificity of their stratification is studied. Growing winter mixtures ripening at different times ensures a consistent supply of vegetable raw materials from the third decade of May for 10-15 days with a yield of green mass of 19.8-24.2 t/ha and crude protein 0.517-0.811 t/ha. Grain productivity of spring early crops on the background of organic fertilizers was 3.92-4.79 t/ha. It was found that late spring fodder crops in post-harvest crops are able to provide a full crop of vegetable raw materials – corn with FAO 250 and sugar sorghum in the phase of milk-wax ripeness of grain reached the level of 33.3-35.5 t/ha of green mass. 55.5-59.9 t/ha of green mass with a dry matter yield of 12.3-13.8 t/ha were obtained for the minimum tillage and the aftereffects of winter intermediate crops for two harvests from the forage area per year. Conclusions. The research developed the structure of fodder crop rotation for the production of organic fodder in conditions of the right-bank Forest-Steppe, proved the efficiency of using the range of spring early ear grain crops and species composition of late spring crops for grain and silage production, optimized seeding rates and selected species for cultivation in intermediate crops of fodder crop rotation for green fodder and haylage. This system of fodder production provides organic products in the form of vegetable raw materials for green fodder or haylage, cornage and organic grain in terms of efficient use of agro-climatic resources and arable land in the right-bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine.

The article presents the results of studies on the concentration of heavy metals in edible mushrooms (Suillus luteus (Lat.), Lactarius deliciosus (Lat.), Armillaria mellea (Lat.), harvested in the conditions of the SE "Vinnytsia Forestry", and the hazard ratio of these toxicants for the human body is determined. The purpose of the research was to study changes in the concentration of heavy metals (lead, cadmium, zinc, copper) in mushrooms during their preservation in marinade. A comparative assessment of the concentration of lead, cadmium, zinc, and copper in fresh and preserved in marinade was carried out. Changes in the concentration of lead, cadmium, zinc, and copper in mushrooms and their hazard ratio during their preservation in marinade are shown. A different intensity of accumulation of heavy metals was revealed by the mushrooms Suillus luteus (Lat.), Lactarius deliciosus (Lat.) and Armillaria mellea (Lat.), collected in the conditions of the studied forest area. It was established that the highest content of lead and cadmium was found in Suillus luteus (Lat.), and zinc and copper in Lactarius deliciosus (Lat.). A lower concentration of lead by 1.14 times, 1.29 and 1.08 times, cadmium – by 1.62 times, 1.68 and 1.4 times, zinc was found in Suillus luteus (Lat.) - 1.2 times, 1.4 and 1.1 times, copper - 1.3 times, 2.2 and 1.8 times, compared to mushrooms before their processing and canning. Similar changes were found in the hazard ratio of lead, cadmium, zinc and copper in mushrooms preserved in marinade. In particular, the hazard ratio of lead, cadmium, zinc, and copper was lower in Suillus luteus (Lat.) by 1.55 times, 1.62, 1.25, and 2.1 times; Lactarius deliciosus (Lat.) - 1.29 times, 1.68, 1.43 and 2.9 times; Armillaria mellea (Lat.) - 1.08 times, 1.4, 1.17 and 1.88 times, respectively, compared to fresh mushrooms.

The article aims to study the intensity of heavy metals (lead, cadmium) accumulation in the vegetative mass of milk thistle on different soils. Based on the analysis of literary sources, it was found that milk thistle has a wide range of applications and, due to the presence of biologically active substances in its composition, has useful and medicinal properties. However, we have noted the plants liability for heavy metals accumulation which can affect the quality and safety of milk thistle. The purpose of the research is to study the intensity of the accumulation of heavy metals by the vegetative mass of milk thistle when grown in a modern feld crop rotation on different soils. The article presents data from scientifc literary sources and the results of our own feld and laboratory research. The study results reveal an excess of the maximum permissible concentrations of the toxicants in the vegetative mass under growing milk thistle on light gray podzolized, gray forest and dark gray podzolized soils with a lead content of 2.5 mg/kg–2.8 mg/kg and cadmium content of 0.2 mg/kg–0.22 mg/kg. In particular, an excess of the maximum permissible concentrations in the vegetative mass for lead by 1.97 – 2.86 times and cadmium – by 1.18 – 1.44 times was noted. The lowest content and the lowest coefcient of accumulation of lead and cadmium in the vegetative mass of milk thistle was observed on dark gray podzolized soils, and the highest – on light gray podzolized soils. It was also found that the hazard coefcient of lead and cadmium in the vegetative mass of milk thistle exceeded 1.0, which indicates the low quality of this raw material. The vegetative mass of milk thistle, which was grown on dark gray podzolized soils, was characterized by the lowest hazard coefcient, while the highest – on light gray podzolized soils. Key words: milk thistle, vegetative mass, lead, cadmium, soils, accumulation coefcient, hazard coefcient.

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Indicators of productivity of a mixture of Lathyrus pannonicus with Triticosecale, as an innovative product in fodder production, have been introduced. Observations have shown that in the interphase period from full sprouting-budding of Lathyrus pannonicus Triticosecale were in the phase of full earing. According to the average daily increase in green mass, a variant was noted in which 75% of Triticosecale (115.2 kg / ha) and 50% of Lathyrus pannonicus (65.2 kg / ha per day) were sown. In Lathyrus pannonicus with different sowing rates, the average daily yield increase decreased to 55.8–59.4 kg / ha against the background of N45P45K45, and for the dose of mineral fertilizers N30P30K30 it was 44.5–49.2 kg / ha. As the dominant crop of the phytocenosis, Triticosecale has the same tendency, where the growth, respectively, reached 107.0–112.8 and 95.7–101.9 kg / ha per day. It was found that option 6 dominated in the yield of green mass, which provided 46.2 and 8.77 t / ha of dry matter with a seeding rate ratio of 75: 50% against the background of mineral fertilizers N45P45K45. The increase in the yield of green mass was by 10.8 and 12.0% of dry matter for option 3 (50: 50%), as well as by 16.7 and 11.0%, respectively, compared to the background N30P30K30. Lathyrus pannonicus provided single-species sowing 17.72-21.35%. The indicators of the chemical composition of Lathyrus pannonicus changed when grown in a mixture with Triticosecale. With the maximum dose of mineral fertilizers and a ratio of seeding rates of 50: 50%, it was 20.15%, or increased by 2.79% than against the background of N30P30K30, or was lower than single-species sowing by 1.20%. Fluctuations in crude protein content between seeding rates and fertilizers were 0.16–1.11 and 2.42–3.29%, respectively. The content of crude fiber in mono-sowing of peas was 26.09–27.72%, and in binary mixtures it increased by 2.20–2.63%. Depending on the studied, the proportion of crude fiber decreased from 3.35 to 26.78%. The total percentage of crude protein in dry matter was caused by the proportion of Lathyrus pannonicus and Triticosecale in the botanical composition. With the application of mineral fertilizers in a dose of N45P45K45, the content of crude protein in var.6 was 14.69%, which is explained by the high percentage of the cereal component in the herbage and the low content of crude protein. By means of exchange experiments, the high digestibility of plant raw materials of a mixture of Triticosecale with Lathyrus pannonicus was determined.