The modernization of the State is linked to reform programs that are promoted at the international level. This article aims to analyze the modernization of the institutional structure of the State of different governments. From the methodology, a bibliographical analysis was carried out, for which 19 articles on the optimization of public management were identified. The findings showed that modernity allows an efficient State, recovers the trust of society and minimizes bureaucratic processes. It is concluded that transparency, open government, accountability, access to information, and electronic government, are the most viable options for the modernization of the Peruvian State, as well as democratizing power, and it is also relevant to have better citizens. informed and more participatory.