Background: Repetitive sequences constitute the major portion of genomic DNA in most of the organisms and are responsible for variation in DNA structure, function, etc., These sequences also have the potential to adopt various noncanonical DNA structures. Methods: By using a swift, manual approach mirror repeats has been identified within the complete engrailed homeobox-1 gene (en-1) of X. tropicalis. Another tool Non- B DNA motif search was also deployed for comparative analysis. Results: A total of 166 mirror repeats were identified within the complete en-1 gene of X. tropicalis. The similar sequences were also searched among the genome of different organisms such as Xenopus laevis, Caenorhabditis elegans, Drosophila melanogaster, etc., Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, it was novel identification of mirror repeats in the engrailed-1 gene of X. tropicalis. Few of these sequences may adopt various noncanonical B-DNA forms and are potent sites for mutation and recombination events.

DNA repeats present in prokaryotes and eukaryotes genomes that include simple tandem repeats, satellite DNA, or palindromic sequences are classified as inverted, direct, and mirror repeats (MRs). Out of these, MRs are not well studied in Drosophila melanogaster Meigen. In this study, manual bioinformatics approach was used to find MRs in D. melanogaster maleless (mle) gene. In this analysis, 123 MRs were found within the complete mle gene, while 78 MRs were found in the exonic region of the mle gene. MegaBLAST was performed to elucidate the presence of identified MRs across the genomes of D. melanogaster, D. nasuta Lamb and D. bipectinate Duda. These demonstrated the conserved characteristics of specific MRs in Drosophila genome and the evolutionary and functional significance of MRs in diverse genomes. This study establishes a link between the presence of MRs in mle gene of D. melanogaster and MRs in human genome.

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