As a material forming method, cold forging is preferred due to the reasons like absence of a heating step and high surface quality. Recently, the finite element method (FEM) has received growing attention for controlling and predicting final material properties for cold forging applications. FEM combines microstructure evolution models with failure criteria, thus providing solutions to complicated problems in the modern cold forging industry. The fastener industry extensively utilizes cold forging, in which manganese and boron-containing steels like 27MnB4 can be formed to obtain high mechanical properties. The current study investigates the effect of two different heat treatments, namely softening and spheroidizing annealing, on the formability of 27MnB4 bolts. Softwares such as Thermo-Calc 2022a and Forge NxT 3.2 were used to predict the microstructure of the wire rod and evaluate the cold forming process of the same rod under two different heat treatment conditions. Therefore, the current study also provides a relationship between microstructural features and the cold formability of 27MnB4 steel. The microstructure of 27MnB4 is predicted by CCT diagrams. The predicted microstructure corresponds to the microstructure of 27MnB4 samples taken from the production line. In addition, temperature, von Mises stress, and equivalent strain distributions for 27MnB4 steel in the hot rolled state were calculated higher than in annealed states due to the differences in the microstructure. These results demonstrate that computational material engineering methods and simulation techniques could be practical tools for cold forming processes.
Al-Si-Mg alaşımlarında çökelti sertleşmesi yöntemi ile mukavemet artışı sağlanabilmektedir. Çökelti sertleşmesi prosesinde sıcaklık ve süre önemli bir parametredir. Su verme prosesi sonrasında, aşırı doymuş yapının belirli bir sıcaklıkta belli bir süre tutulması ile denge dışı çökeltiler oluşturularak mukavemet artışı sağlanmaktadır. Bu modelleme ve simülasyon çalışmasında Al-7Si-0.3Mg alaşımının Thermo-Calc yazılımı ile sıcaklığa bağlı faz fraksiyonları analiz edilmiştir. Alaşım içerisindeki fazların kritik dönüşüm sıcaklıkları hesaplanmıştır. Ayrıca TC-Prisma yazılımı ile 180°C’de farklı yaşlandırma süreleri (2, 4, 6 ve 8 saat) ile çökelti boyutu ve mukavemet analizleri yapılmıştır. Böylece alüminyum alaşımlarına sık uygulanan ısıl işlem prosesinin modelleme ve simülasyon çalışmaları ile analizleri yapılarak proses dizaynı konusunda öngörüler ortaya konmuştur. Çalışmanın çıktıları ile Türkçe literatüre katkı sunulması amaçlanmıştır.
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