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The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of selenium and vitamin E supplementation on some haematological parameters and red blood cell osmotic fragility in Wistar rats subjected to water immersion restraint stress (WRS) (n= 35). Male Wistar rats, weighing 200-220 g were divided in to five groups of seven rats each, viz: (i) passive control (non-stress rats), (ii) active control (WRS + distilled water), (iii) WRS + vitamin E, (iv) WRS + vitamin E + selenium, and (v) WRS + selenium. The WRS procedure lasted for 3.5 hours. Blood samples were collected through cardiac puncture for the investigation of some haematological parameters and red blood cell osmotic fragility. The results of the present study showed that there were no significant changes (P > 0.05) in PCV, Hb, RBC, WBC, MCV, MCH, MCHC, Lymphocytes and monocytes and there was a significant decrease(P > 0.05) in neutrophil count in response to WRS for 3.5 hours. Some of the haematological values (PCV, RBC, WBC, Hb, neutrophils and lymphocytes) showed significant increase (P < 0.001) in selenium and vitamin E pre-treated groups. The result of the erythrocyte osmotic fragility showed that 3.5 hours of WRS increased haemolysis in the rats. The percentage haemolysis was significantly highest in the active control group. Pre-treatment with selenium and vitamin E decreased the percentage haemolysis significantly. It was concluded that acute WRS exposure for 3.5 hours did not exert considerable effects on blood-forming organs, such that there was no inhibition of erythropoiesis and consequently, haemosynthesis.The MCV, MCH and MCHC remain normal because there was no significant destruction in RBC (size and shape) and decrease in haemoglobin content in the active controls and the decrease in neutrophil count was because neutrophils were involved in phagocytosis,during which some of the neutrophils have ruptured. The erythrocytes were susceptible to oxidative stress. Administration of selenium and vitamin E singly or in combination ameliorated WRS-induced changes of the abovestudied parameters.

Background: Leaf extracts of Senna siamea and Eucalyptus citriodora have been used to treat a range of ailment in many communities. Because the drug is unrefined, they may have some untoward effects on the animals. Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the effects of oral administration of aqueous leaf extracts of Senna siamea and Eucalyptus citriodora on some hematological parameters in healthy albino rats. Methods: Methods: Twenty-five (25) albino rats of both sexes weighing between 60 - 110g were assigned into five different groups with five rats each. Daily doses of 100, 200, 300 and 400mg/kg body weight of the plant extract mixture (ratio1:1) were given orally to groups II, III, IV and IV respectively for 21 days while group I served as control. The results of the phytochemical screening for Senna siamea showed the presence of alkaloid, flavonoid, saponins, steroids, tannins, cardiac glycosides while that of Eucalyptus citriodora showed the presence of alkaloid, saponins, tannins, anthraquinone. The results for the analysis of Red blood cell (RBC), White blood cell (WBC), Parkedcell volume (PCV), and hemoglobin were assayed using Sysmex KX-21NTM automated hematology analyzer while urea and creatinine were determined using the method of Fawcett and Scott. Results: Oral administration of aqueous leaf extract of Senna siamea and Eucalyptus citriodora at different doses in the experimental groups did not show a significant difference (p > 0.05) in the concentration of serum urea, serum creatinine, and the hematological parameters (WBC, RBC, Hemoglobin and PCV) when compared to control group except WBC which showed a significant change (p ˂ 0.05) at higher concentration of 400 mg/kg body weight of the extracts when compared to group I (control). Hematological parameters showed no significant difference (p > 0.05) when compared within the treated groups except WBC, which showed a significant difference (p ˂ 0.05) at different dose concentration of the extracts in Group II (100mg/kg) and Group IV (300mg/kg) when compared to a dose of Group V (400 mg/kg). Conclusions: This suggests that the extract at these concentrations (100, 200, 300, and 400 mg/kg) does not have any toxic effect on the renal and hematopoietic system except WBC which have a significant difference (p ˂ 0.05) at higher dose (400mg/kg) on the hematopoietic system

This study focuses on the anti-protozoan activities of Stachytarpheta angustifolia (Tarkajiya; Hausa, Devil’s coach whip; English) on haematological parameters of Albino Wistar rats which is an unexplored study area. The work is aimed at the determination of the effects of S. angustifolia on Wistar Rats, when exposed to herbal extract on the haematological parameters of Wistar Rats infected with E. tenella Biomarkers. The plant was obtained whole; dried under the shade, made into a powdered form and aqueous extraction method carried by maceration technique. After infecting the experimental animals with the parasites; E. tenella, the following respective doses of 750 mg and 1500 mg were administered to the rats in groups of 3 and 4. Results obtained were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). It was discovered that no significant harmful effect on the rats was recorded, but 60 % of the parasites were killed. This work demonstrated that the herbal extract killed the parasites but induced minimal stress to the animals as shown by the low haematological parameters in the study.