The emergency conditions caused by the coronavirus pandemic in 2020 made the national governments the last resort, which was forced to bear all the financial costs associated with the lockdown in the national economy, with social support of the population and fiscal and monetary help to private firms which business was blocked. Lockdowns, publicly declared in countries around the world to stop the exponential growth of coronavirus-infected patients, have brought unprecedented losses in both human lives and national welfare. As a result, the coronavirus pandemic left two fundamental priorities for the state: (1) to stabilize the epidemiological situation in the country and (2) to reopen the economy in time after the lockdown. On this basis, the term "epinomics" was introduced, which assumes the primary public task to ensure the life and health of citizens, and only under this condition allows the possibility of economic recovery. In this case, the expansion of the practice of implementing public infrastructure projects on the basis of public-private partnership realizes the essence of the state’s epinomic strategy. Moreover, in the post-COVID-19 future, infrastructure projects can become an effective form of implementation of the UN “human-first” model, since they allow solving the immediate problems of ordinary citizens mostly affected in 2020. It is about the growth of employment, the provision of workforce wages, development of socially significant infrastructure, which contribution to the economic revival of countries can hardly be overestimated. At the same time, the government through public-private partnership gets the opportunity to directly broadcast to society the results of the effectiveness of its epinomic strategy in stabilizing the epidemiological situation and reopening the economy after the lockdown.
COVID-19 triggered several crises, one of which arose in the social sphere. Societal crisis manifested itself in the growing distrust of ordinary citizens to the state, in the negative consequences for them of the forced restriction of social communication due to the lockdown, and in the understanding of the discrepancy between their own individual values and the generally accepted norms of behavior in society, specified by formal institutions. These social problems have only increased the quality of uncertainty of the post-coronavirus pandemic reality. A rise in uncertainty will lead to increased precautionary savings among households and delayed business investment. Against this background, social polarization in society, growing unemployment, poverty and impoverishment of citizens have further increased their negative attitude towards the state and society as a whole. As a result, overcoming the consequences of the societal crisis in national communities has become almost the highest priority along with the problem of epinomics. Its solution lies in the gradual restoration of partnerships between society, firms, citizens and the state. The most important place is occupied by public-private partnership in any public sector, including socially significant infrastructure projects. However, significant progress in this area is unambiguously due to serious adjustments that the state must make to formal institutions that ensure an equal partnership between the state and the business. At the same time, the specification by formal institutions of expert functions of the state and increasing the importance of private investment in the project will allow using the partnership between the state and private business as a platform for testing various forms of inclusiveness of public and private participation, aimed at restoring public confidence and societal integrity of society.
РезюмеВ статье рассматриваются ключевые тенденции развития электронного правительства на при-мере России, Китая и США. Исследуется влияние международных рейтингов на национальные планы внедрения электронного правительства. Обосновывается значимость баланса между стремлением к повышению показателей в таких системах оценивания и потребностями, опреде-ляемыми исходя из социально-политических, экономических и культурных особенностей кон-кретных стран. Авторы анализируют эволюцию концепции «открытости власти» как одного из основополагающих принципов электронного правительства. Они акцентируют внимание на политических последствиях публикации открытых данных, включая возможность общественно-го мониторинга и контроля над деятельностью органов государственной власти. В статье иссле-дуется комплекс вопросов институционального обеспечения развития электронного правитель-ства, включая создание законодательной базы и формирования специализированных ведомств, ответственных за выработку и реализацию государственной политики в данной сфере. Статья содержит обзор основных концептуальных документов, определяющих особенности развития электронного правительства в США. На основании их анализа делается вывод о тенденциях по использованию мобильных средств информационного взаимодействия государственных ведомств с общественностью и обеспечению безопасности размещения и достоверности сведе-ний, используемых при внедрении элементов электронного правительства. На примере реализа-ции электронного правительства в Китае исследуется влияние бюрократической и идеологиче-ской инерции на внедрение информационных и коммуникационных технологий в деятельность государственных органов. Ключевые слова:государственное управление; информационно-коммуникационные технологии; государственные услуги; открытое правительство; международные рейтинги. Понятие «электронное правительство» характеризует форму организации деятель-ности органов публичной власти, отличи-тельной чертой которой выступает приме-нение технологий электронного обмена и обработки информации в секторе государ-ственного управления. Исполь зование ин-формационно-коммуникационных техно-логий (ИКТ) -необходимый элемент эф-фективного политического менеджмента в условиях бурного развития научных раз-работок в данной сфере, позволяющих пе-рейти на качественно новый уровень взаи-модействия правительства и общества, ВАРИАНТЫ РАЗВИТИЯ ЭЛЕКТРОННОГО ПРАВИТЕЛЬСТВА
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