This work presents cost-effective, simple arbitrary phase-step digital holographic microscopy to suppress both zero-order and twin-image terms. A virtual confocal offset lens under in-line configuration is also used to compensate for the introduced quadratic phase by using a microscope objective lens. In addition to reducing the difficulties of physical confocal configurations, the proposed method significantly increases the magnification power, ultimately achieving the purposes of an optical zoom. An attempt is also made to reduce the noise interference of a high magnification system by developing a long focal lens to reduce light detection size, subsequently gaining an approximately plane wave light source to illuminate the object within the effective depth of focus. Experimental results indicate that the proposed high magnification system can be elevated with low noise interference, and image reconstruction without quadratic phase terms.

In this work, arbitrary micro phase-step digital holography with optical interferometry and digital image processing is utilized to obtain information about an image of a three-dimensional object and encrypting keys. Then, a computer-generated hologram is used for the purpose of holographic encryption. All information about the keys is required to perform the decryption, comprising the amplitude and phase distribution of the encrypting key, the distance of image reconstruction, zero-order term elimination, and twin-image term suppression. In addition to using identifiable information on different image planes and linear superposition processing hidden within the encrypted information, not only can we convey an important message, but we can also achieve anticounterfeiting. This approach retains the strictness of traditional holographic encryption and the convenience of digital holographic processing without image distortion. Therefore, this method provides better solutions to earlier methods for the security of the transmission of holographic information.

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This paper proposes a novel phase-shifting digital in-line holography with computer-generated holograms (CGHs) to achieve the goal of encryption via multiple-key encoding. Multiple keys will also be required in order to complete the decryption. These keys include the amplitude and the phase distribution of the primary encryption key, the reconstruction distance of the image, and the phase value modulated via micro phaseshifting interferometry. Experiments in this research have proved that the decryption would not be possible without a primary key. The autocorrelation between the original and the decrypted images shows very high similarity.