The present study examined potential association between the daily intake and serum levels of copper (Cu), selenium (Se) and zinc (Zn) and the risk of osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Daily intake and serum concentrations of Cu, Zn and Se in 4200 adults from the 2011–2016 NHANES were examined and divided into normal, OA patients and RA patients. The level of serum Cu was higher in OA and RA than in non- arthritis, while the level of serum Se and Zn were no difference in the three group. Serum Se and Zn, but not Cu, concentrations were highly correlated with daily intake. Cu, Se and Zn intake was independently associated with increased risk of OA, but not with RA. And there was a trend for higher odds of OA among participants in the higher Cu, Se and Zn intake. Future large longitudinal studies are warranted to confirm these findings.

The present study examined potential association between the daily intake and serum levels of copper (Cu), selenium (Se) and zinc (Zn) and the risk of osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Daily intake and serum concentrations of Cu, Zn and Se in 4200 adults from the 2011-2016 NHANES were examined and divided into normal, OA patients and RA patients. The level of serum Cu was higher in OA and RA than in non-arthritis, while the level of serum Se and Zn were no difference in the three group. Serum Se and Zn, but not Cu, concentrations were highly correlated with daily intake. Cu, Se and Zn intake was independently associated with increased risk of OA, but not with RA. And there was a trend for higher odds of OA among participants in the higher Cu, Se and Zn intake. Future large longitudinal studies are warranted to con rm these ndings.

No abstract

Symbiotic bacteria participate in the formation of the structure and function of the tissues and organs in which they live, and play an essential role in maintaining the balance between health and disease. L. reuteri FLRE5K1 was isolated from the liver of healthy mice by our group and proved to be a probiotic with anti-melanoma activity in previous studies. The relationship between hepatic symbiotic probiotics and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has not been reported yet. In the present study, L. reuteri FLRE5K1 was initially confirmed to successfully enter the liver after being administered by gavage, and the efficacy of probiotic feeding on HCC and its potential mechanism of inhibiting tumor progression were investigated by an orthotopic liver cancer model established. The results showed that L. reuteri FLRE5K1 significantly reduced the tumor formation rate and inhibited tumor growth. From the perspective of mechanism, activation of the IFN-γ/CXCL10/CXCR3 pathway as well as its positive feedback on the secretion of IFN-γ, induced the polarization of Th0 cell to Th1 cell and inhibited the differentiation of Treg cell, which played a key role in the inhibitory effect of L. reuteri FLRE5K1 on the development and progression of HCC.