<p>Objetivo: identificar a atuação do enfermeiro da Estratégia Saúde da Família na detecção precoce do Transtorno do Espectro Autista em crianças. Método: pesquisa descritiva, exploratória, qualitativa realizada numa capital do Nordeste, Brasil. Participaram 10 enfermeiros efetivos, concursados e em exercício na Estratégia Saúde da Família. A coleta de dados ocorreu em 2014 por meio de entrevista individual, observação direta e diário de campo. Material tratado pela análise temática, interpretado pelo referencial das Diretrizes de Atenção à Reabilitação da Pessoa com Transtorno do Espectro Autista. Resultados: foram áreas temáticas: percepção, estratégias e intervenções do enfermeiro sobre sinais e sintomas; dificuldades relatadas à detecção precoce; construção do conhecimento sobre a temática; e sentimentos dos profissionais ao acompanharem crianças com Transtorno do Espectro Autista. Conclusão: enfermeiros da Estratégia Saúde da Família apresentaram deficiências na detecção precoce do Transtorno do Espectro Autista em crianças. <br />Descritores: Transtorno autístico. Cuidado da criança. Estratégia Saúde da Família. Intervenção precoce (Educação).</p>

The perceptions that women followed up at psychosocial care centers have about themselves, other people and society, in view of their mental illness, were addressed. The influence that this service had on their identities was examined. This was a qualitative, descriptive study using topical life histories.Data were gathered through interviews, direct observation and a field diary. Thematic analysis was interpreted using Goffman's framework. The results revealed that these women's perceptions of identity differed from before to after their mental illness. They perceived that their families were distant from them, with difficulty in dealing with the illness; that professionals were welcoming; and that psychosocial centers contributed towards reconstruction and expression of identities, thereby promoting self-knowledge, guidance and emotional support. However, they saw that the service lacked refinement of actions for ensuring rights and investment in new aid strategies with the capacity to defend possible identities that are flexible and adaptable.Keywords: Personal identity. Mental health services. Mentally ill individuals. Psychological stress. COMUNICAÇÃO SAÚDE EDUCAÇÃO 2015; 19(54):479-90Introduction Study seeks to understand how women with mental illness undergoing treatment in a mental health service facility (re)construct and reveal their identity through their perception of self, of others and society.Identity is the set of features, images and feelings that a person recognises as being part of him or her self 1 . The discovery of identity depends on the person and the negotiations he or she undertakes with others occurring at any given moment and in any given context 2,3 . It is metamorphosis and is historically constituted, since the human being, full of possibilities, constantly (re)constructs him or herself throughout the course of his or her life and is both protagonist and author of his or her own history 4 .Thus, although the construction of identity in the contemporary world occurs within vast intertwining arenas of insecurity, in which life is bound to the dynamics of a globalized capitalist economy and interconnected with an institutionalised and permanent risk environment, living and surviving in this conjuncture enables it to be mutable, flexible and adaptable 5,6 .Goffman separates identity into three dimensions: social identity, personal identity, and ego identity. Social identity is defined by people who do not know the person in question. What they know about the individual is either what they have heard, what they have been socially permitted to know through the observation of the context which they frequent, or comes from their ancestors and information received from third parties. Personal identity, on the other hand, is constructed from a person's life stories. With respect to the ego identity, the individual is permitted to construct his or her own identity, which is more intimate, similar to the essence of the individual; how the person identifies him or herself 7 .This study concern...

Objetivos: Este artigo tem como objetivo descrever e refletir sobre as transformações no ensino da enfermagem psiquiátrica e de saúde mental na graduação em enfermagem no Brasil. Método: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo e reflexivo a partir das vivências de estudantes e professores com a área da saúde mental. O recorte temporal estabelecido foi o ano de 1852 até os dias atuais. Resultados: A análise permitiu o agrupamento dos resultados em quatro seções que levaram em consideração os fenômenos históricos determinantes às transformações em cada período – 1850 a 1919, 1920 a 1959, 1960 a 1989, 1990 a 2009 e 2010 até os tempos atuais. Discussão: A partir desta análise, é possível apontar transformações significativas no ensino da enfermagem em saúde mental a partir das conquistas sócio-políticas do processo da reforma psiquiátrica brasileira e reformas curriculares, apesar das práticas de ensino nos serviços psicossociais ainda não serem unânimes nos cenários de ensino-aprendizagem dos tempos atuais. Conclusão: No entanto, ratificar avanços históricos é essencial para a manutenção de uma perspectiva de cuidado integral, que resgata a cidadania dos sujeitos através de intervenções criativas, comprometidas e articuladas em rede.

Objective: To historically analyze psychiatric nursing teaching at the Universidade Federal de Alagoas from 1976 to 1981. Methods: Qualitative study; social-historical approach employing Thematic Oral History based on the documentary sources and testimonials from nurses, students, professors, and professionals at the psychiatric hospital where these practices occurred. The study researched World, Brazil, and Alagoas history and the Curricular Guidelines for Nursing for the history comprehension and used Erving Goffman’s concepts as a theoretical reference. Results: They revealed the structural conditions of the university in 1976, the American contribution to the teaching staff, the students’ psychological preparation in theoretical and practical classes, the precarious scenario of psychiatric care in Alagoas, and the care that minimizes stigmas through empathy and sensitive listening. Conclusion: With the emergence of that discipline, students and professors expanded their views on mental illness and emphasized their need for academic training based on reforming care principles.

Mudanças percebidas por familiares de crianças/adolescentes em sofrimento mental que participam de grupos operativos Changes perceived by family members of children/adolescents experiencing psychic suffering who participated in an operational groupCambios percibidos por familiares de niños/adolescentes bajo padecimiento mental que participan de grupos operativos