Objective Previous meta-analyses have demonstrated that lifestyle modification can reduce the blood glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes, although the effects of changes in the blood glucose level on impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) remain controversial. This review therefore aimed to determine the efficacy of lifestyle interventions in adults with IGT. Methods We searched the Medline, Cochrane Library, EMBASE and Science Citation Index databases and reference lists of the included articles. Two independent reviewers extracted the data and assessed the quality of the included studies; a total of nine randomized controlled trials met the inclusion criteria. In addition, we tested for trial heterogeneity and calculated the pooled effects size using the random effects model. Results The overall interventions were associated with a decline in the 2-hour plasma glucose levels [standardized mean differences (SMD) -0.56; 95% confidence interval (CI), -1.01 to -0.10; I 2 , 96.6%]. Moreover, dietary intervention (SMD -0.53; 95% CI -0.77 to -0.28) and physical intervention (SMD -0.42; 95% CI -0.63 to -0.20) were each associated with a decline in the 2-hour plasma glucose levels compared with that observed in the control participants. The overall interventions were associated with a decline in the fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels (SMD -0.27; 95% CI -0.38 to -0.15; I 2 = 47.1%). In addition, physical intervention (SMD -0.25; 95% CI -0.44 to -0.05) and combined dietary and physical intervention were each associated with a decreased FPG level (SMD -0.28; 95% CI -0.44 to -0.12) compared with that observed in the control participants. Conclusion Lifestyle modification based on physical or dietary interventions or both is associated with improvements in the 2-hour plasma glucose and FPG levels in IGT patients.
Objective: To assess the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Chinese adults living in Ningbo and to examine the association between alcohol consumption, and MetS and its medical components. Design: A representative survey in Ningbo was conducted in 2015 covering socio-demography. A food frequent questionnaire together with additional questionnaires was used to collect information on alcohol consumption, diet, demography, lifestyle, and medical information. Multivariable logistic regression and generalized linear models were used to examine the association between alcohol consumption, and both MetS and its medical components, respectively. Setting: Ningbo, China Participants: Total 2853 adults ≥20 years (44% men) in this final analysis. Results: The prevalence of frequent alcohol drinkers and MetS were 29.9% and 28.0%, respectively. Significantly higher prevalence of MetS and mean values of medical components were found in the group of frequent alcohol drinkers with an exception for HDL-C, compared to less or non-alcohol drinkers. Frequent alcohol consumption was associated with higher odds of developing MetS and positively associated with medical components excepting waist circumference. Conclusions: Frequent alcohol consumption contributed to higher prevalence of MetS, and unfavorable influence on MetS and its medical components among Chinese adults. A public health intervention on alcohol restriction is necessary for the prevention and control the ongoing epidemic MetS.
Objective: We estimated the relationship between dietary behaviors and sleep quality in adults. Methods: Using data from the 2015 Ningbo Adult Chronic Diseases and Risk Factors Survey, a total of 5160 participants were included in this study. Sleep quality was measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). PSQI score ≥ 7 was defined as poor sleep quality. Logistic regression was used to estimate the associations between dietary behaviors and sleep quality. Linear regression was used to explore the associations between dietary behaviors and PSQI total score. Results: Approximately 8.6% (n = 442) participants reported poor sleep quality. After adjusted for multivariates, there was 0.022 point increase in PSQI score for every gram increase in each meal consumption of soy sauce (β = 0.022, p = 0.001). Less intake of dark fruits, water and more intake of alcohol were associated with higher PSQI score (β = −0.394, p = 0.001; β = −0.246, p = 0.001; and β = 0.217, p = 0.005, respectively). Conclusions: About 8.6% (n = 442) adults reported poor sleep quality in Ningbo. Intake of soy sauce and alcohol were positively associated with poor sleep quality, and consumption of dark fruits and water were positively associated with good sleep quality.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.