Favism is most common in those who have G6PD deficiency from the Mediterranean region. As hemolytic anaemia is the most common complication of G6PD deficiency, and it can be life-threatening in certain people. Infection, hyperglycemia, certain meals, and certain drugs can all cause hemolysis therefore, the most prevalent enzymopathy is glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency, which affects an estimated 400 million individuals, globally. Exposure to some medicines might cause hemolytic anaemia. The most important management technique is to avoid oxidative stresses by avoiding a hemolytic crisis. Also, avoidance of exposure to food and medicines that causes  hemolytic anaemia episodes This review looks at etiology, epidemiology, pathopysiology, evaluation and management of the disease.

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Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a broad term that refers to a clinically heterogeneous group of arthritis that develops before the age of 16 and has no recognized cause. JIA treatment has evolved during the last two decades. Clinical trials research has been directed at more specific therapeutics based on what has been discovered about the biology of disease. Pediatric rheumatologists now have many more medications to offer patients, with the expectation that their disease will be managed, thanks to advances in immune system research and the introduction of biologic drugs in the twenty-first century. Continuing development in these biological agents and discoveries new drugs as long as developing current gene analysis techniques is the best method to treat JIA and provide best quality of life.

Urethral stricture disease is a moderately frequent condition that comes at a high financial cost and can have long-term consequences. Understanding urethral stricture epidemiology is critical for identifying risk factors linked with illness genesis or development. This knowledge might lead to better therapies and preventive actions, which could lower disease severity, generate better health outcomes, and save costs. Based on existing published case series, we conducted a comprehensive assessment of urethral stricture disease, highlighted knowledge gaps, and recommended future research initiatives.