Through a methodology of legal interpretation and analyze the stages of formation of migration policy and legislation in Ukraine since its independence. It was determined that in the initial stage the main elements of the legal regulation of migration processes in Ukraine were the development of the legal framework on migration, the initiation of international cooperation and the creation of organizational structures that address migration issues. The article also analyzes the extensive system of normative acts developed in Ukraine today, aimed at the legal regulation of migration processes and the fight against illegal migration. In this context, the details of the fight against illegal immigration in EU countries are described. Finally, the guidelines for EU migration policy in the field of combating illegal immigration are studied. It is concluded that, unlike Ukraine, where the fight against illegal immigration is mainly limited to the establishment of prohibitions and fines for illegal immigrants, the EU has developed a system of incentives and measures aimed at supporting third countries, among other aspects.
The article analyzes the legal consequences of concluding a labor contract and a contract for the provision of services. The need for such an analysis is due to the fact that employers often prefer to conclude civil law contracts with employees instead of labor contracts, since the latter are less beneficial for them. At the same time, for an employee, the conclusion of a contract for the provision of services instead of an employment contract entails the deprivation of all guarantees provided for by labor legislation. The historical prerequisites for the existence of similarities between labor and civil contracts are examined in the article. In order to distinguish between these types of contracts, a comparative analysis of the legal nature and consequences of the conclusion of an employment contract and a contract for the provision of services is carried out. The article analyzes the guarantees that are provided for by labor legislation and are aimed at ensuring the human right to work. It is concluded that when concluding civil contracts, these guarantees are lost, which significantly worsens the position of the employee. In this regard, the article analyzes the recommendations of the International Labor Organization aimed at distinguishing between civil and labor legal relations. The conclusion is made that it is necessary to consider these recommendations in the national legislation of all Member States.
There is a piece of growing evidence that the sports industry has reached the level of optimum financial stability, but on the other side it has also created an environment for the emergence of specific corruption in the field of sports in the form of match-fixing and illegal betting. The corruption has crossed the roads to public administration and has spread into new areas of society. Corruption in sports involves any illegal, immoral, or unethical activity that attempts to deliberately distort the integrity of any sport thereby affecting or manipulating the outcome of the sports events. As a result, "sports corruption" today is large, global, and organized. The present study was conducted to highlight the rapidly expanding corruption issues in various spheres of public relations. This research has notified the lack of evidence in the field of sports at national and international levels regarding the issues of improving legal and organizational measures to prevent corruption and maintain fairness in sports. The study of scientific positions of experts on this issue in the comparative legal aspect will expand the theoretical provisions of the sciences of criminal law, to develop recommendations for improving existing legislation and law enforcement practice. There is a piece of growing evidence that the sports industry has reached the level of optimum financial stability, but on the other side it has also created an environment for the emergence of specific corruption in the field of sports in the form of match-fixing and illegal betting. The corruption has crossed the roads to public administration and has spread into new areas of society. Corruption in sports involves any illegal, immoral, or unethical activity that attempts to deliberately distort the integrity of any sport thereby affecting or manipulating the outcome of the sports events. As a result, "sports corruption" today is large, global, and organized. The present study was conducted to highlight the rapidly expanding corruption issues in various spheres of public relations. This research has notified the lack of evidence in the field of sports at national and international levels regarding the issues of improving legal and organizational measures to prevent corruption and maintain fairness in sports. The study of scientific positions of experts on this issue in the comparative legal aspect will expand the theoretical provisions of the sciences of criminal law, to develop recommendations for improving existing legislation and law enforcement practice.
Нормативно-правовим підґрунтям забезпечення реалізації права на свободу пересування є міжнародно-правові акти, зокрема: Загальна декларація прав людини 1948 року, Міжнародний пакт про громадянські та політичні права 1966 року, Протокол № 4 до Конвенції про захист прав людини та основних свобод 1963 року, усі з яких ратифіковані та імплементовані Україною, а також національні нормативно-правові акти, а саме: Конституція України, закони України «Про порядок виїзду з України і в'їзду в Україну громадян України», «Про іноземців та осіб без громадянства», постанова Кабінету Міністрів України № 57 від 27.01.1995 року, якою затверджені Правила перетинання державного кордону громадянами України.
The content of the right to health protection and medical care according to Ukrainian legislation is analyzed in the article as well as peculiarities of its realisation in the context of the pandemic COVID-19. It examines also the correlation between the notion “health protection” and “medical care”. On the basis of this correlation, the conclusion is made that the right to health protection is broader and includes, but is not limited to, the right to medical care. Some international standards in the sphere of health protection, which constitute the basis of Ukrainian legislation in this area, are analyzed. The conclusion is made that Ukraine should take into account such standards while limiting human rights, in particular, the right to health protection and medical care in the context of the pandemic COVID-19. It is mentioned that the significant problem remains the legal regulation of quality control of medical care, the creation of organizational technologies with a clear division of control functions between the various actors in the health care system, which is extremely important in terms of the pandemic. The attention is also paid to the personal data protection issue in the sphere of health care. The conclusion is drawn that there should be mechanisms for reporting and protecting against abuse while collecting personal data, and people should be able to challenge any COVID-19-related measures for the collection, aggregation, storage and further use of their data.
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