The glenohumeral joint capsule is attached medially to the neck of the glenoid bone, laterally to the humeral neck, and superiorly to the coracoid process (Figure 1). The three anatomicalallocations affected by adhesive capsulitis in the shoulder joint are the synovium of the long head of the biceps tendon, rotator interval structures, and axillary recess capsule. The long head of the biceps tendon is covered by tendon synovium in the bicipital groove. The rotator interval is a three-angular anatomical structure localized between the anterosuperior border of the supraspinatus tendon and the superior border of the subscapularis tendon. Anterior and posterior bands of the inferior glenohumeral ligament reinforce the axillary recess capsule.Adhesive capsulitis is commonly diagnosed on the basis of characteristic clinical features. However, in some cases, it may clinically mimic other causes of shoulder pain and restricted joint movement such as rotator cuff tear, subacromial impingement, calcific tendinitis, labral injury, and/ or degenerative arthropathy. 1 Imaging methods including ultrasonography, MR imaging, CT, MR arthrography, CT arthrography, and conventional arthrography are frequently used to exclude these causes. Imaging modalities may also be particularly useful when surgical treatment is planned.

OBJECTIVES This study investigated the efficacy and complications of albendazole use after surgery in patients with pulmonary hydatid cysts. METHODS One hundred fifty-three consecutive patients who met the study criteria out of 215 patients who received prophylaxis with albendazole after surgery for isolated pulmonary hydatid cysts in our clinic between January 2011 and December 2020 were analysed retrospectively. RESULTS Eighty-six out of 153 (56.2%) of cases were male and 67 (43.8%) were female. The average age was 24.6 ± 17.4 (between 3 and 71 years), 76 of them (49.7%) were 18 years old and younger, while 77 (50.3%) were adults. All cases were approached transthoracically and a total of 170 operations were performed on the 153 cases. Fever, weakness and dizziness were reported in only one patient who was given albendazole treatment. A partial increase in liver enzymes was observed in 16 cases (10.5%) after albendazole treatment. Mild leukopoenia and neutropenia were observed in only one of the cases. In 1 case, a second operation was performed 30 months later due to recurrence. Albendazole treatment was not required to be discontinued in any of the cases. Mortality was not observed in any of the cases. Factors such as mean age, cyst size and hospitalization period did not have a statistically significant effect on any changes in liver enzymes tests following albendazole therapy (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Albendazole treatment can safely be used for postoperative prophylaxis in patients with pulmonary hydatid cysts in a controlled manner without causing serious complications. Subj collection 152.

Metastasis in the pineal region is a rare condition. To best of our knowledge, there is no case report of isolated pineal metastasis secondary to acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL). The aim of this study is to show the pineal gland involvement of ALL in a case for the first time in the literature. A 25-year-old male patient diagnosed with ALL 2 years ago presented with headache and visual impairment. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a well-defined solid lesion which was revealed intensive enhancement after contrast. On diffusion-weighted images, the lesion showed significant diffusion restriction. Three months after therapy, control MRI demonstrated a completely resorbed pineal lesion. The pineal region may be a possible site of metastasis and involvement due to the absence of a blood-brain barrier, and should not be overlooked in patients with not only solid cancers but also ALL.

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