Background: Diabetes is associated with both micro-and macrovascular complications. Aim of the study: The aim of the present study is to evaluate the prophylactic effect of Sitagliptin, Pioglitazone and Dapagliflozine on Isoprenaline (ISO) induced myocardial infarction in type II diabetic rats, regarding these parameters: lipid profile, blood glucose, kidney function, troponin, MDA, tumor necrosis factor-α, HR, ST elevation and histopathological changes of myocardium. Methods: Rats were classified into: Group I: control normal group. Group II: was not treated diabetic (diseased group). Group III: was treated with sitagliptin. Group IV: was treated with pioglitazone. Group V: was treated with dapagliflozine. Treated groups received drugs for 4 weeks. Results: Treated groups showed significant improvement in all parameters and improvement of the histopathology of the myocardium. A significant improvement in the parameters was seen in the treated groups at the end of the 4 th week. Conclusion: Our study revealed that dapagliflozine produced more improvement in blood glucose level, and there was no significant difference between it and pioglitazone in improving lipid profile. Pioglitazone was superior in decreasing creatinine level, serum troponin, HR, ST elevation, MDA, TNFα and histopathological changes of myocardium. There was no significant difference between the three drugs regarding to their effect on blood urea. So our drugs ,mainly pioglitazone may have a prophylactic effect against MI in diabetic rats, this may be due to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect through reduction of MDA and TNF α respectively, glycemic control and improvement of dyslipidemia.

Background: Sepsis is a life-threatening illness with notably high degree of mortality both in preterm and term neonates. Roughly, it may be characterized as a systemic inflammatory response that occurs as a consequence of confirmed or suspected infection in neonatal period. Especially in underdeveloped countries, early detection and treatment of newborns with infections are inadequate. Clinical findings of sepsis in newborns are problematic since many of the symptoms associated to sepsis are unclear and they might be revealed with conditions of other noninfectious disorders. Neonatal sepsis remained a serious concern for neonates across the globe and generates considerable morbidity and death neonates (term and preterm), particularly in underdeveloped nations. It was a clinical illness that defined by systemic infections and characterized by the isolation of bacteria in the blood (bacteremia) that occurs in babies in the first month of life. The cornerstone underlying the development of newborn sepsis is inflammation. Common measures utilized for the effective diagnosis and treatment of newborn sepsis, apart for blood cultures, comprise of inflame inflammatory indicators. Accordingly, the study of inflammatory biomarkers is an essential element of sepsis research. In particular, the influence of inflammation on blood cells such as neutrophils, lymphocytes, and platelets has been a focus of study on the diagnosis of sepsis. The purpose of the study was to establish value of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio in diagnosis of newborn sepsis in full term and preterm neonates. Methods: This was a prospective research was done at neonatal intensive care unit of Benha university hospital; 120 neonates who were split into 2 groups: Group I (patient) :include 60 septic neonates who were separated into 2 subgroups: Group I (A) : 30 full term newborns and Group I (B) : 30 preterm neonates, whereas Group II (control) :include 60 healthy neonates who were broken into 2 subgroups: Group II (A) : 30 full term newborns and Group II (B) : 30 preterm neonates. Results: In this research, hemorrhage and fever were considerably greater in pre-term septic neonates than full term and pre-term controls. PROM and UTI were considerably greater in full term septic neonates than full term and pre-term controls. In addition, they were substantially greater in pre-term septic neonates than full term and pre-term controls. In the current investigation, the most prevalent organism was Klebsiella (33.3 percent ), followed by E.coli (23.3 percent ), pseudomonas (16.7 percent ), staph aureus (15.0 percent ), Group B streptococcus (6.7 percent ), and strept pneumonia (5.0 percent ). (5.0 percent ). CRP indicated an overall significant difference between research groups (P-value <0.001). Post hoc analysis found that it was considerably higher in full-term septic neonates (24) compared to full-term controls (2.3) and preterm controls (1.8). (1.8). Also, CRP in preterm septic newborns was substantially higher (24) than full-term and preterm controls. In ...

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