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3D DSA and virtual angioscopy are novel techniques that have been successful in recreating images of blood vessels immediately after angiography. These techniques could be useful as additional imaging modalities to complement computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of vascular diseases after endovascular therapy.

The objective of this research is to calculate the organ equivalent dose and effective dose from the scanning conditions at 165 centers in Japan using computed tomography (CT) Dose software and compare the results with the CT dose index volume (CTDIvol), dose length product (DLP) and size-specific dose estimates (SSDE) to validate the usefulness of SSDE. The CTDIvol and DLP were significantly lower in infants than in children (p < 0.05). No significant differences were found in the bone marrow equivalent dose and effective dose for the torso between infants and children (p > 0.05), and the bone marrow equivalent dose and effective dose for the head were higher in infants than children (p < 0.05). No significant difference was found in SSDE for the torso between infants and children (p > 0.05). Organ equivalent and effective doses for head CT scans are higher in infants than in children (I/P ratio ≥ 1). The I/P ratios of CTDIvol and DLP for chest and abdominal CT scans are also higher in Japan than in other countries. CTDIvol and DLP are not accurate when used as a dose index, and SSDE was considered suitable for dose assessment of the torso. However, for head CT in infants, a further reduction in radiation exposure is required.

3D DSA and virtual angioscopy are novel techniques that have been successful in recreating images of blood vessels immediately after angiography. These techniques could be useful as additional imaging modalities to complement computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of vascular diseases after endovascular therapy.