Topological insulators have spurred worldwide interest, but their advantageous properties have scarcely been explored in terms of electrochemical energy storage, and their high‐rate capability and long‐term cycling stability still remain a significant challenge to harvest. p‐Type topological insulator SnSb2Te4 nanodots anchoring on few‐layered graphene (SnSb2Te4/G) are synthesized as a stable anode for high‐rate lithium‐ion batteries and potassium‐ion batteries through a ball‐milling method. These SnSb2Te4/G composite electrodes show ultralong cycle lifespan (478 mAh g−1 at 1 A g−1 after 1000 cycles) and excellent rate capability (remaining 373 mAh g−1 even at 10 A g−1) in Li‐ion storage owing to the rapid ion transport accelerated by the PN heterojunction, virtual electron highways provided by the conductive topological surface state, and extraordinary pseudocapacitive contribution, whose excellent phase reversibility is confirmed by synchrotron in situ X‐ray powder diffraction. Surprisingly, durable lifespan even at practical levels of mass loading (>10 mg cm−2) for Li‐ion storage and excellent K‐ion storage performance are also observed. This work provides new insights for designing high‐rate electrode materials by boosting conductive topological surfaces, atomic doping, and the interface interaction.
physicochemical behaviors, [1][2][3] in several ways that are particularly desirable for electrochemical ions storage relying on reversible ionic (de)intercalation of metal ions, such as Li + , [4] Na + , [5] Mg 2+ , [6] Zn 2+ , [7] etc. In the ionic batteries, this involves the shuttling and storage of ions between two electrodes, coupled with the flow of electrons in an external circuit. Therefore, efficiently delivering sufficient numbers of ions through ionic channels in the electrode is the main factor needed to achieve elevated energy density under a high current rate. [8] To address the charge transport limitations of electrodes, constructing interconnected ionic channels can offer highly efficient charge delivery. [9] Meanwhile, the introduction of tailoring materials at the atomic level is more effective and does not require sacrificing the energy density of the electrode. [10,11] Recently, studies have reported the inner channel for ionic transport in materials and the external ionic diffusion from the electrolyte to the channels are two main factors influencing the ionic kinetics. [12] Regulating the channels in the electrodes will promote the mobility and diffusion kinetics of exotic ions. [13] For example, graphite, the commercialized anode for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), has shown an inferior capacity when being utilized for sodium ion batteries due to the insufficient interlayer spacing and unaffordable energy barrier for intercalation/extraction of Na + ions. [14] In contrast, expanded graphite with a wider atomic interlayer spacing shows improved capability for Na + storage. [15] A "blended cocktail strategy" with precise control and construction of high electronic conductivity and interconnected ionic channels may hold the key to optimizing the energy performance of batteries. Currently, most of the primary investigation of other types of metal ion batteries have investigated replacements from previously successful electrodes in LIBs, including carbonaceous materials, [16,17] alloy-based compounds, [18] and sulfides. [19] Interestingly, a recent work reported that niobium-based electrode materials possessing fascinating properties, such as an intercalation-type mechanism, rich redox chemistry, and achievable scalability at a practical level, have been identified as ideal candidates for rechargeable metal ion batteries. [20] Moreover, a higher working voltage Boosting charge transfer in materials is critical for applications involving charge carriers. Engineering ionic channels in electrode materials can create a skeleton to manipulate their ion and electron behaviors with favorable parameters to promote their capacity and stability. Here, tailoring of the atomic structure in layered potassium niobate (K 4 Nb 6 O 17 ) nanosheets and facilitating their application in lithium and potassium storage by dehydration-triggered lattice rearrangement is reported. The spectroscopy results reveal that the interatomic distances of the NbO coordination in the engineered K 4 Nb 6 O 17 are slightly elongated...
A series of ternary sulfide hollow structures have been successfully prepared by a facile glutathione (GSH)-assisted one-step hydrothermal route, where GSH acts as the source of sulfur and bubble template. We demonstrate the feasibility and versatility of this in situ gas-bubble template strategy by the fabrication of novel hollow structures of MInS (M = Cd, Zn, Ca, Mg, and Mn). Interestingly, with the reaction time varying, the hierarchical CdInS microspheres with controlled internal structures can be regulated from yolk-shell, smaller yolk-shell (yolk-shell with shrunk yolk), hollow, to solid. Under visible-light irradiation, all of our prepared CdInS samples with different morphologies were photoactivated. In virtue of the appealing hierarchical hollow structure, the yolk-shell-structured CdInS microspheres exhibited the optimal photocatalytic activity and excellent durability for both the XB degradation and H evolution, which can be ascribed to the synergy-promoting effect of the small crystallite size together with the unique structural advantages of the yolk-shell structure. Thus, we hypothesize that this proof-of-concept strategy paves an example of rational design of hollow structured ternary or multinary sulfides with superior photochemical performance, holding great potential for future multifunctional applications.
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