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This paper presents a 5 GHz UAV array antenna with a 3×4 reconfigurable feeding network for wide elevation coverage. The proposed array comprises a four-element printed dipole antenna array in the top substrate, two supports with a tapered balun, a self-reflector for gain improvement, and a reconfigurable feeding network in the bottom substrate. For wide beam coverage, the feeding network comprises one RF switch, one Wilkinson power divider, and two 90° hybrid couplers; further, the network achieves wide beam coverage using one broadside beam and two end-fire beams. The measured impedance bandwidth, peak gain, and half-power beamwidth of the proposed array operated from 5.03 to 5.15 GHz are approximately 850 MHz(17 %), 6.7 dBi, and 180°, respectively.

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In this paper, a printed dipole antenna array with reconfigurable feeding network for wide elevation angle of U2X communications is presented. The proposed array consists of a printed 8-element dipole antenna array in the top substrate, two supports with a tapered balun and two reflectors with the reconfigurable feeding network in the bottom substrate. To achieve high gain and wide beam coverage, the proposed reconfigurable feeding network consists of single-pole double-throw (SPDT) switches, singlepole three-throw (SP3T) switches, Wilkinson power dividers, and hybrid couplers. The proposed array antenna forms a 3 × 3 beam consisting of broadside and end-fire beams based on the x-and y-axis using a reconfigurable feeding network. The measured impedance bandwidth, peak gain, and half-power beamwidths (HPBWs) at φ=0 • and φ=90 • of the proposed array are approximately 1250 MHz (25%), 7.9 dBi, 197 • and 100 • , respectively. The overall volume size of the proposed array is 75 × 96×21 mm 3 (1.3λ 0 ×1.6λ 0 ×0.4λ 0 at 5.1 GHz).INDEX TERMS Low-profile, printed dipole antenna array, reconfigurable feeding network, wide beam coverage, U2X communications.