The present work proposes a novel cow-head shaped multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna for 5G sub:6 GHz applications, which include N77/N78 (3.3-4.2 GHz/3.3-3.8 GHz) and N79 (4.4-5.0 GHz) bands. The proposed work is designed and developed on a 30×66 mm 2 size FR4 substrate with a dielectric constant of 4.4 and loss of tangent of 0.002. The proposed design works in the region from 3.3 to 5 GHz, and an isolation above 18 dB is attained. The parametric analysis and surface current distribution are studied for the optimization of parameters, and the coupling between elements is analyzed respectively. The performance of the design is studied in terms of efficiency (≥ 91.5%), peak gain (3.1-4.6 dBi), and radiation patterns (E & H fields). The diversity parameters (ECC, DG, TARC, CCL, & MEG) are calculated and checked, the same as measured results. Then all the measured results of the fabricated prototype are compared with simulated ones, and they are in good agreement.

In this study, we investigated a small, modified circular multiple-input/multiple-output (MIMO) structure intended for use in 5G sub-6 GHz (N77, N78, and N79) and wireless local area network (WLAN) applications. The suggested MIMO antenna was created on an FR4 substrate with a volume dimension of 24 × 36 × 1.6 mm³, dielectric constant of 4.4, and loss of tangent of 0.02. It operates in the 3.36-6.02 GHz range, which includes the WLAN (5.15-5.85 GHz) and N77, N78, and N79 (3.3-4.2, 3.3-3.8, and 4.4-5.0 GHz, respectively) bands. In addition, isolation was attained in the maximum part of the band above 20 dB. Good efficiency values above 87% were obtained in the entire band due to the good impedance matching at the ports and peak values of 2.5-4.6 dBi were attained in the working region. The MIMO performance metrics envelope correlation coefficient (≤ 0.005), diversity gain (≥ 9.99 dB), total active reflection coefficient (≤ -10 dB), channel capacity loss (≤ 0.05 bits/s/Hz), and mean effective gain (≤ -3 dB) were evaluated and measured. The simulated radiation patterns were compared with the measured results. The constructed prototype was examined using the aforementioned parameters and the measured and simulation results were compared. The simulated and measured values were in good agreement.