Kulim is one of woody plant that have multifunction as wood source and for spice and medicinal. Generative propagation of this plant have trouble because seed use limited. The use of leaf segment through somatic embryogenesis to solve the problem. The objective of this study is to obtain the best treatment to embryogenic callus induction. The modification of basal medium of Murashige and Skoog was used as growth medium. The experiment was conducted in three stages are callus induction, embryogenic callus and somatic embryo induction. The treatment of 2,4-D (3,0 – 12 mg/l) used for callus induction. For embriogenic callus induction used 2,4-D (3,0 – 12,0 mg/l) combined with NAA 0,5 mg/l. The treatment of thidiazuron (0,1 – 0,7 mg/l) used for somatic embryo induction. The result showed that the treatment of 2,4-D 6,0 mg/l is the best for callus induction with compact of texture, green, dry and non embryogenic. The treatment of combination 2,4-D 12.0 mg/l with NAA 0.5 mg/l is the best for friable callus induction. The treatment of 2,4-D 6.0 mg/l combined with NAA 0,5 mg/l is the best for embryogenic callus induction with very friable of texture, easy to separate, dry, smooth and glossy. Thidiazuron of 0,1 mg/l treatment is the best for somatic embryos induction with the average number of 7,8 somatic embryos.

EMBRIOGENESIS SOMATIK ROTAN TOHITI (Calamus inops Becc. ex Heyne) Somatic embryogenesis of tohiti rattan (Calamus inops Becc. ex Heyne)

Shorea pinanga (Scheff.) is a member of Dipterocarpaceae which has an important role both as a forest timber and also non forest timber product (tengkawang). The purpose of this experiment is to obtain the best treatment for somatic embryos formation. Friable callus was used as explants whereas liquid and solid MS media supplemented with vitamin B, 30 g/l sucrose were used as basal medium. Embryogenic callus was induced through three times subcultured in basal medium with 5.0 mg/l 2,4-D. Somatic embryo was induced using 100 mg of embryogenic callus with the addition of 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 mg/l kinetin. The observation was done on texture, numbers and color of embryogenic callus and weekly number of somatic embryos for eight weeks. The kinetin treatment of 1.5 mg/l on liquid medium was the best treatment because it is able to induce 162 cotyledonary stage of somatic embryos for eight weeks.

No abstract

Ramin (Gonystylus bancanus (Miq.) Kurz) is one of the most valuable timbers in Indonesia and the most over-exploited woody species, on the other hand,the success in propagation techniques are still limited. This species has been listed in Appendix II of CITES since 2004as the number of trees and populations continuouslydecline. Tissue culture has been explored for mass propagation, however, this technique still facesthechallenge, mainly in shoot elongation regenerated from single node explants. The purpose of these experiments is to selectthe best auxin (2,4-D, picloram,dan dicamba) and the best concentration of Benzyl Adenine(BA) treatment on somaticembryo formation. A series of experiments of somatic embryogenesis from leaf explant for ramin were conducted at Tissue Culture Laboratory, Center for Forest Biotechnology and Tree Improvement Yogyakarta. Modified Murashige and Skoog (MS) media supplemented with 0,1 mg/Lthiamine; 0,5 mg/l nicotinic acid; 0,5 mg/Lpyridoxine; 2.0 mg/Lglycineand 100 mg/Lmyo-inositolwere used as growth medium. In thisstudy, three different auxins were used as treatments: 2,4-D(2,4 dichlorophenoxy acetic acid), picloram,and dicamba appliedat6.0 mg/L. The observation was made on the texture of callus formed and the performance of the somatic embryos obtained. The results showed thatthe texture of callus obtained is compact formed callus and green in color. The best treatment to induce globular somatic embryos is using 6.0 mg/Lpicloram within eight months. Thebest treatment to induce globular and torpedo somatic embryos is BA 3.0 mg/L treatment