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How to Cite this ArticlePan YA Wang YP Chen YC Hsieh LC Changes of nasalance scores in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis Int Forum Allergy Rhinol -

Plasmonic materials enabling sunlight as an energy input to catalyze the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) have become the research focus of artificial photosynthesis. Upon visible photoexcitation, there are both intraband transition and interband transition hot carriers generated, and which of them dominates the catalytic reaction remains elusive. Here, the contributions of hot electrons from intraband and interband transitions to the photoelectrocatalytic HER on plasmonic Au triangle nanoprisms (AuTNPs) have been studied. Compared with the dark reaction, the exchange current density increases by 9fold and 3-fold under intraband and interband excitation, respectively, which is attributed to the higher energy level of intraband transition hot electrons. By calculation of the reaction activation energy with and without illumination, the contributions of the hot electrons from the two photoexcitation modes to the photoenhanced electroreduction reaction (PEER) are quantitatively analyzed, proposing the general standard to measure the effect of different hot electrons in different reactions.

Question: A 40-year-old man with history of adenocarcinoma of sigmoid colon, pT3N1acM0, stage III, status post laparoscopic-assisted anterior resection with adjuvant chemotherapy 3 years ago, experienced intermittent right upper quadrant abdominal pain in recent months. Physical examination and laboratory study were unremarkable. Abdominal sonography showed a hyperechoic stricture at gallbladder body ( Figure A, arrow A) and focal wall thickening over gallbladder fundus ( Figure A, arrow B), 14 mm in thickness, with some anechoic cystic spaces, with gallstone at fundal part ( Figure A, arrow C). For the differential diagnosis, a magnetic resonance cholangiogram was performed.According to the images, what are the tentative diagnoses? Is surgical intervention indicated?See the Gastroenterology web site (www. gastrojournal.org) for more information on submitting your favorite image to Clinical Challenges and Images in GI.

Patients who fail to commit suicide by hanging often end up with laryngotracheal injuries, which may lead to a compromised airway, swallowing dysfunction, and dysphonia. Previous studies have mainly focused on airway management after near-hanging attempts. Few have shed light on the treatment of swallowing dysfunction after laryngotracheal injuries. Here, we present a near-hanging patient who developed complete dysphagia shortly afterward. We used a Montgomery T-tube as an endolaryngeal stent, combined with swallowing rehabilitation. The patient’s swallowing ability was gradually restored one month after the surgery, and the stent was removed six months later. The present case report exemplifies the unique way of using the Montgomery T-tubes in clinical practice. Among the patients with airway stenosis affecting the larynx and extending to the vocal cords, Montgomery T-tube may be the only stent that can help manage strictures at the level of the vocal cords and in the supraglottic region, restoring swallowing function and maintaining the airway.