The economic independence of any nation depends largely on the supply of abundant and reliable electric power and the extension of electricity services to all towns and villages in the country. In this work, the mathematical study of an electric power generating system model was presented via optimal control theory, in an attempt to maximize the power generating output and minimize the cost of generation. The factors affecting power generation at minimum cost are operating efficiencies of generators, fuel cost and transmission losses, but the most efficient generator in the system may not guarantee minimum cost as it may be located in an area where fuel cost is high. We choose the generator capacity as our control ui(t), since we cannot neglect the operation limitation on the equipment because of its lifespan, the upper bound for ui(t) is choosing to be 1 to represent the total capability of the machine and 0 to be the lower bound. The model is analyzed, generation loss free equilibrium and stability is established, and finally applications using real life data is presented using one generator and three generator systems respectively.

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Several approaches have been advanced for solving transportation problems. The most prominent of them in various text being, North West Corner Rule(NWCR), Least Cost Method(LCM), and Vogel's Approximation Method(VAM). This paper considered three additional corner rules, which are North East Corner Rule(NECR), South West Corner Rule(SWCR) and South East Corner Rule(SECR). Algorithms ware provided for obtaining initial feasible solution to Transportation Problems. Three test examples were considered using the rules. The results revealed that the NECR and SWCR have equal result. While NWCR and SECR also produce the same result. NECR and SWCR however, better minimize transportation cost. The two methods are therefore recommended for use in any business organization requiring shipment of products.

Pests are major constraints to the effective growth and development of every crop through their damage, and can be controlled effectively by the use of their natural enemies which is referred to as the biological pest control. In this study, the biological control model of cassava pests through optimal control theory was presented in order to minimize the population of the pests and stabilize the natural enemies population so as not to affect the crop negatively. A mathematical model was formulated via the Lotka-Volterra model, and the model was characterized. The optimality system was established, the equilibrium point with its uniqueness was established for the model. Finally, stability analysis of the model was investigated through optimal control approach and numerical data were employed to validate the system. The results obtained showed that cassava pests can be effectively controlled biologically. Keywords: Optimal control, Cassava pest, Biological control, Stability, Natural enemies

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