Betaine enhances both mitochondrial content and ATP levels.

Zinc deficiency is a risk factor for the development of obesity and diabetes. Studies have shown lower serum zinc levels in obese individuals and those with diabetes. We speculate that zinc supplementation can alleviate obesity and diabetes and, to some extent, their complications. To test our hypothesis, we investigated the effects of zinc supplementation on mice with high-fat diet (HFD)-induced hepatic steatosis in vivo and in vitro by adding zinc to the diet of mice and the medium of HepG2 cells. Both results showed that high levels of zinc could alleviate the glucose and lipid metabolic disorders induced by a HFD. High zinc can reduce glucose production, promote glucose absorption, reduce lipid deposition, improve HFD-induced liver injury, and regulate energy metabolism. This study provides novel insight into the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and glucose metabolic disorder.

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