This report describes a new method for three-component difluoroalkylation and trifluoromethylthiolation/trifluoromethylselenolation of π-bonds via air-stable SCF and SeCF reagents as free-radical initiators of ethyl iododifluoroacetate. β-Proton elimination can be overcome effectively in this reaction system, and a broad substrate scope, including alkenes and alkynes, makes this approach practical and attractive.

Highly functionalized 4-aminoindoles were synthesized via the three-component cross-coupling of o-iodoaniline, N-benzoyloxyamines, and norbornadiene. The Catellani and retro-Diels–Alder strategy was used in this domino process. o-Iodoaniline, with electron-donating and sterically hindered protecting groups, made the reaction selective toward o-C–H amination. On the basis of density functional theory calculations, the intramolecular Buchwald coupling of this reaction underwent a dearomatization and a 1,3-palladium migration process. The reasons for the control of the chemical selectivity by the protecting groups are given. Moreover, synthetic applications toward 4-piperazinylindole and a GOT1 inhibitor were realized.

The ethylene precursor aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) positively regulates the symmetric division of stomatal guard mother cells in a manner that is dependent on CDKB1s and CYCA2s.

Meaning Representation (AMR) is an annotation framework in which the meaning of a full sentence is represented as a rooted, acyclic, directed graph. In this paper, we describe a pilot project in which we develop specifications for the annotation of a Chinese AMR corpus: the Chinese translation of the Little Prince. The interagreement smatch score between the two annotators is 0.83. We also propose to integrate alignment into Chinese AMR annotation.