Biological synapses are the operational connection of the neurons for signal transmission in neuromorphic networks and hardware implementation combined with electrospun 1D nanofibers have realized its functionality for complicated computing tasks in basic three‐terminal field‐effect transistors with gate‐controlled channel conductance. However, it still lacks the fundamental understanding that how the technological parameters influence the signal intensity of the information processing in the neural systems for the nanofiber‐based synaptic transistors. Here, by tuning the electrospinning parameters and introducing the channel surface doping, an electrospun ZnO nanofiber‐based transistor with tunable plasticity is presented to emulate the changing synaptic functions. The underlying mechanism of influence of carrier concentration and mobility on the device's electrical and synaptic performance is revealed as well. Short‐term plasticity behaviors including paired‐pulse facilitation, spike duration‐dependent plasticity, and dynamic filtering are tuned in this fiber‐based device. Furthermore, Perovskite‐doped devices with ultralow energy consumption down to ≈0.2554 fJ and their handwritten recognition application show the great potential of synaptic transistors based on a 1D nanostructure active layer for building next‐generation neuromorphic networks.

With the rapidly aging society and increased concern for personal cardiovascular health, novel, flexible electrodes suitable for electrocardiogram (ECG) signal monitoring are in demand. Based on the excellent electrical and mechanical properties of graphene and the rapid development of graphene device fabrication technologies, graphene-based ECG electrodes have recently attracted much attention, and many flexible graphene electrodes with excellent performance have been developed. To understand the current research progress of graphene-based ECG electrodes and help researchers clarify current development conditions and directions, we systematically review the recent advances in graphene-based flexible ECG electrodes. Graphene electrodes are classified as bionic, fabric-based, biodegradable, laser-induced/scribed, modified-graphene, sponge-like, invasive, etc., based on their design concept, structural characteristics, preparation methods, and material properties. Moreover, some categories are further divided into dry or wet electrodes. Then, their performance, including electrode–skin impedance, signal-to-noise ratio, skin compatibility, and stability, is analyzed. Finally, we discuss possible development directions of graphene ECG electrodes and share our views.

Electrospun nanofibers have become the most promising building blocks for future high-performance electronic devices because of the advantages of larger specific surface area, higher porosity, more flexibility, and stronger mechanical strength over conventional film-based materials. Moreover, along with the properties of ease of fabrication and cost-effectiveness, a broad range of applications based on nanomaterials by electrospinning have sprung up. In this review, we aim to summarize basic principles, influence factors, and advanced methods of electrospinning to produce hundreds of nanofibers with different structures and arrangements. In addition, electrospun nanofiber based electronics composed of both two-terminal and three-terminal devices and their practical applications are discussed in the fields of sensing, storage, and computing, which give rise to the further integration to realize a comprehensive and brain-like system. Last but not least, the emulation of biological synapses through artificial synaptic transistors and additionally optoelectronics in recent years are included as an important step toward the construction of large-scale, multifunctional systems.

Despite extensive research on photoelectric sensors that typically output signals to indicate the transient ultraviolet (UV) intensity, developing wearable, electrometric photodetectors that can reveal the cumulative UV exposure remains challenging. Here, an organic–inorganic hybrid bulk heterojunction (BHJ) is used to construct a skin‐mimicking, wearable photodetector, based on conductive polymer sensitized with semiconducting nanoparticles. Owing to the UV‐induced reduction reactions, the BHJ photodetectors (PDs) can long remember the UV radiation previously exposed. Moreover, based on the solution processability of bulk heterojunction blends and rich surface functional groups of polydopamine, BHJ PDs can fully inherit the ultraflexibility from electrospun fiber‐networked structure. Thus, this fiber‐configured photodetector is working well even at the strains of up to 60%. Without requiring any complicated analytical tool, its memory effect and simple‐to‐process output facilitate the working mechanism of power‐free UV monitor, while catering to the individual need of different skin types. This work combines the bottom materials design to the top device application, pointing out a new direction in wearable UV sensor technologies.

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