A significant association between IFX-TL and ATI and clinical and biomarker remission status in pediatric IBD patients was demonstrated, including a temporal association between week 2, 6 levels and outcome of induction and between week 6 and 14 levels and remission at 1 year of therapy. These findings suggest that therapeutic drug monitoring may be considered for management guidance among pediatric IBD patients.

Purpose The lamina cribrosa (LC) is a leading target for initial glaucomatous damage. We investigated the in vivo microstructural deformation within the LC volume in response to acute IOP modulation while maintaining fixed intracranial pressure (ICP). Methods In vivo optic nerve head (ONH) spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans (Leica, Chicago, IL, USA) were obtained from eight eyes of healthy adult rhesus macaques (7 animals; ages = 7.9–14.4 years) in different IOP settings and fixed ICP (8–12 mm Hg). IOP and ICP were controlled by cannulation of the anterior chamber and the lateral ventricle of the brain, respectively, connected to a gravity-controlled reservoir. ONH images were acquired at baseline IOP, 30 mm Hg (H1-IOP), and 40 to 50 mm Hg (H2-IOP). Scans were registered in 3D, and LC microstructure measurements were obtained from shared regions and depths. Results Only half of the eyes exhibited LC beam-to-pore ratio (BPR) and microstructure deformations. The maximal BPR change location within the LC volume varied between eyes. BPR deformer eyes had a significantly higher baseline connective tissue volume fraction (CTVF) and lower pore aspect ratio ( P = 0.03 and P = 0.04, respectively) compared to BPR non-deformer. In all eyes, the magnitude of BPR changes in the anterior surface was significantly different (either larger or smaller) from the maximal change within the LC (H1-IOP: P = 0.02 and H2-IOP: P = 0.004). Conclusions The LC deforms unevenly throughout its depth in response to IOP modulation at fixed ICP. Therefore, analysis of merely the anterior LC surface microstructure will not fully capture the microstructure deformations within the LC. BPR deformer eyes have higher CTVF than BPR non-deformer eyes.

Ozurdex ® 0.7 mg (dexamethasone 0.7 mg implant, Allergan, Dublin, Ireland), an intravitreal biodegradable implant, is indicated for cystoid macular edema due to various causes. One of its known and uncommon complications is implant migration to the anterior chamber, causing corneal edema that, in some cases, is irreversible. Reported risk factors for device migration are open or defective lens capsule and prior history of vitrectomy. We present a case of dexamethasone implant migration through a congenital iris coloboma in a pseudophakic patient with an intact lens capsule. The patient is a 56-year-old pseudophakic man with a history of congenital iris coloboma, myopia, retinal tears, and a branch retinal vein occlusion with subsequent cystoid macular edema resistant to anti-VEGF medications but responsive to corticosteroids. He presented with sudden painless decreased vision in his left eye, 8 weeks following dexamethasone implant (Ozurdex) injection to the same eye. Upon presentation, he was diagnosed with corneal edema caused by anterior chamber migration of the implant. He was referred for immediate surgical intervention to extract the implant, with a resolution of the corneal edema within 2 weeks postoperatively. To conclude, this is the first case that reports Ozurdex implant migration through an iris coloboma in the setting of an intact posterior capsule. In addition, we describe a novel surgical approach for implant removal from the anterior chamber that is simple and efficient.

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