Changes and modifications to the wings of fighter aircraft were carried out, one of which was the forward swept wing which was a moderate wing that continues to develop. There were also types of delta wings that had been applied to many fighter planes. Both types of aircraft wings had certainly different aerodynamic characteristics. This research would study the flow visualization that occurs in the aircraft model body to determine the aerodynamic characteristics of the forward swept wing and delta wing. This study used a water tunnel to observe the aerodynamic flow and forces that occurred in both types of wings. This visualization test used similar aircraft models: SU-47 Berkut and Eurofighter Typhoon. The results provided flow visualization, coefficient of lift (Cl), and coefficient of drag (Cd) which showed that the stall that occurred on the aircraft model similar to the SU-47 Berkut occurred at an angle of attack (AoA) 50 0 with a Cl max value of 2.66. Meanwhile, the Eurofighter Typhoon stall model occurred at an angle of attack 45 0 with a Cl max value of 1.48.Fuselage effect in fighter aircraft is another case. The fuselage effect is the interaction between the body, main wing, and canard. Fighter fuselage influences vortex dynamics and lifts force generation. Some researchers have observed the influence of the fuselage on the dynamics of vortices that occur. Sutrisno et al. observed the effect of the fuselage on vortex canard formation on J-10 aircraft models . The research results showed that the higher efficiency of the canard wing, the more negative pressure of the fuselage models. Therefore, as a pitching moment is more significant, due to the higher axial vortex velocity, the vortex breakdown location shifted further away.

Model pembelajaran dasarnya adalah suatu pembelajaran yang dijelaskan dari awal hingga akhir dan diberikan secara khusus oleh guru. Dengan arti lain, model pembelajaran merupakan kerangka yang melingkupi pendekatan, penerapan, teknik pembelajaran, dan metode. Model pembelajaran sebaiknya disesuaikan terhadap materi pembelajaran yang disampaikan kepada siswa serta dengan kondisi kelas sehingga dapat meningkatkan motivasi dan kompetensi peserta didik. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan sebagai berikut: (1) mengungkap informasi efektivitas model pembelajaran terhadap kompetensi siswa pada pelajaran instalasi penerangan listrik, dan (2) mengungkap informasi mengenai model pembelajaran yang memiliki nilai efektivitas tertinggi dan terendah. Metode yang digunakan adalah meta-analisis unstandardized mean difference independent groups dengan mengambil data dari 10 rujukan artikel model pembelajaran kooperatif berbeda untuk dianalisis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai rata-rata keseluruhan model pembelajaran kooperatif sebesar 13,13 dengan kategori effect size besar. Model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe auditory intelectual repitition memiliki nilai rata-rata effect size paling rendah yaitu 1,00 dengan kategori effect size besar, sedangkan pembelajaran kooperatif tipe jigsaw memiliki nilai rata-rata effect size paling tinggi yaitu 44,00 dengan kategori effect size besar, dapat disimpulkan bahwa model pembelajaran menunjukkan efektivitas terhadap kompetensi siswa pada mata pelajaran instalasi penerangan listrik.