Gallium(III) was extracted at pH 3.5 by equilibrating eight min with 10 mL of 0.0001 M acetyl derivative of calix(6)arene in xylene. Gallium(III) was stripped quantitatively with 0.1 N hydrochloric acid and determined spectrophotometrically with 0.01% PAR at 510 nm. The nature of the extracted species was determined from the log-log plots and its stoichiometry was confirmed by numerical treatment to experimental data. The IR analysis of Ga(III) loaded organic phase was also studied. The conformational change of reagent during complex formation was studied from the 1 H NMR treatment. The temperature dependence of the extraction equilibrium and metal loading capacity of the reagent was also evaluated. The proposed method was successfully applied for the extraction and separation of multicomponent mixtures, synthetic mixtures, and binary and ternary separation of gallium from the associated elements. The results obtained were reproducible and accurate.

The aqueous solution of p-Sulfonatocalix[4]arene-fluorescein complex has been studied based on fluorescence and 1H NMR spectroscopic results. It has been found that the fluorescence intensity quenches regularly upon addition of p-SCX4. The proposed interaction mechanism between p-SCX4 and FL indicates that FL partially goes into the cavity of p-SCX4 with the help of strong electrostatic and π-π* interaction. The quenching constants and stability constants are determined by p-SCX4-FL systems. The proposed inclusion complex is discussed on 1H NMR results. Results are consistent with experimental data obtained from NMR spectroscopy.

Versatile biological activity of dihydropyrimidinone (DHPM) derivatives makes it more interesting in medicinal chemistry.In present work green synthesis method was used to prepare a series of DHPM derivative by Biginelli reaction at room temperature in common fruit juice. Spectroscopic methods were used to characterize structures of all synthesized compounds.The viscometric and surface tension measurements have been carried out in different percentage solvent system. Viscosity increases with increases in concentration for all the tested derivatives may be attributed to the increases in solute – solvent interactions.Study was extended to find conductivity of synthesized derivative in different solvents. The data obtained was used to evaluate nature and magnitude of ion-solvent and ion-ion interactions. The primary purpose of this study to evaluate antibacterial activity against some Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens. It was observed that the compounds show poor or good activity which depend upon electronic factor of the phenyl ring of DHPM