Abstract. Tarno H, Octavia E, Himawan T, Setiawan Y. 2022. Detection of fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) Using Cue-Lure and Methyl Eugenol in Steiner Traps in Depok City and Bogor District, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 4202-4208. Fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) are one of the most economically important insect pests worldwide. Two types of attractants are recommended for monitoring and controlling fruit flies: methyl eugenol (ME) and cue-lure (CL). The objective of this study was to investigate the species richness and abundance of fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) using methyl eugenol (ME) and cue-lure (CL) in Depok City and Bogor District, West Java, Indonesia. The study was conducted in three sites of fruit orchards in Bogor District i.e., Malay apple (Syzygium malaccense), Lemon (Citrus limon), Papaya (Carica papaya) and two sites of fruit orchards in Depok District i.e., carambola (Averrhoa carambola) and guavas (Psidium guajava). Male fruit flies were trapped using Steiner traps baited with methyl eugenol (ME) and cue-lure (CL). There were 11 fruit fly species collected from this study i.e., Bactrocera albistrigata, B. carambolae, B. dorsalis, B. neocognata, B. umbrosa, B. verbascifoliae, Dacus conopsoides, D. longicornis, Zeugodacus calumniata, Z. caudatus, and Z. cucurbitae. In this study, B. was , D. conopsoides, D. longicornis, and Z. caudatus were only collected in Steiner traps baited with CL and B. dorsalis and B. umbrosa also only responded to ME. During sampling periods, 20,217 male adult fruit flies were collected. The highest relative abundance attracted to ME was B. carambolae and CL was Z. cucurbitae.  In this study, B. albistrigata, B. calumniate, D. longicornis, Z. caudatus and Z. cucurbitae were significantly more attracted to CL than ME. Whereas, B. carambolae, B. dorsalis, B. umbrosa, and B. verbascifoliae were significantly more attracted to ME than CL. Our study showed also did not find invasive species in Depok City and Bogor District, West Java, Indonesia. Our study can be used as a method for monitoring and controlling fruit flies, namely Steiner trap with CL for Z. cucurbitae and Steiner trap with ME for B. carambolae, B. dorsalis and B. umbrosa in Depok City and Bogor District, West Java, Indonesia.

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Abstract. Tarno H, Setiawan Y, Rahardjo BT, Wang J. 2021. Evaluation of the  ambrosia beetles traps on Pterocarpus indicus in Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 1332-1339. Angsana, Pterocarpus indicus Willd., is a native tree of Southeast Asia. This tree is commonly planted in large numbers as an ornamental or shade plant along the roads, in parks, and in residential areas in Malang and Batu Cities of Indonesia. Ambrosia beetles Euplatypus parallelus (F.) and Treptoplatypus micrurus (Schedl.) have been reported to attack P. indicus trees in Malang and Batu Cities. Therefore, effective traps are required for early detection and monitoring of the spread of ambrosia beetles. This research aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of different traps and to investigate the diversity of ambrosia beetles on P. indicus trees in Malang and Batu Cities. This research was conducted along the roads in Malang and Batu Cities using four types of traps: funnel trap, window flight trap, bottle trap, and yellow sticky trap. Eleven ambrosia beetle species were collected in this research. The most abundant species were E. parallelus and Cryphalus laticollis (Browne). The funnel trap was the most effective for capturing ambrosia beetles, whereas the bottle trap was the least effective trap. The funnel trap captured more E. parallelus and C. laticollis individuals than other traps. The ambrosia beetles captured using different traps were categorized as having low diversity. The ambrosia beetles collected from Malang and Batu Cities were categorized as having moderate diversity.

Abstract. Puspitarini RD, Fernando I, Setiawan Y, Anggraini D, Rizqi HA. 2021. Short Communication: First record of the cassava lace bug Vatiga illudens (Drake, 1922) (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Tingidae) from East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 2870-2876. The cassava lace bug, Vatiga illudens (Drake, 1922) (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Tingidae) is recorded from Indonesia for the first time. This species is found on the abaxial surface of leaves of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz, Euphorbiaceae) in several plantations of East Java and heavily infest this plant. Vatiga illudens is native to the Neotropical Region and seems to be the alien species in the Oriental Region. This tingid has already spread over a wide region of East Java, suggesting that the invasion of the lace bug endangers the other regions cultivating cassava.

Abstract. Hadi MS, Abadi AL, Himawan T, MAsruri, Lestari SR, Rahardjo BT, Aini LQ, Setiawan Y, Tarno H. 2021. The role of bacterial symbionts in the biodegradation of chlorpyrifos in the digestive tract of Plutella xylostella larvae. Biodiversitas 22: 702-712. Several species in the order Lepidoptera act as plant pests, one of which is Plutella xylostella. Plutella xylostella is one of the most destructive pests of cabbage and other horticultural crops. The use of chemical insecticides as pest control for P. xylostella causes many problems, such as the increased pest resistance to pesticides. The objectives of this study are:  (i) to obtain and characterize symbiont bacteria in the digestive tract of P. xylostella collected from organic and conventional agriculture soils; (ii) to evaluate the potential of bacterial symbionts in the digestive tract of P. xylostella from organic and conventional soils in degrading the active ingredient of chlorpyrifos insecticide; (iii) To determine the biodegradation process of chlorpyrifos insecticide by symbiont bacteria in the digestive tract of P. xylostella; and (iv) to identify the derivative compounds from the biodegradation of chlorpyrifos insecticide. The results showed 30 symbiont bacteria isolated from the digestive tract of P. xylostella collected from organic soil and 36 symbiont bacteria isolated from the digestive tract of P. xylostella from conventional farming soil. There are 15 species of symbiont bacteria in 5 genera from the digestive tract of P. xylostella from organic and conventional farming capable of degrading the chlorpyrifos insecticide. They are identified as Providencia sp., Pseudomonas sp., Serratia sp., Proteus sp., and Aeromonas sp. Chlorpyrifos-derived compounds from the biodegradation of symbiont bacteria are less toxic than chlorpyrifos compounds.