In spite of the excellent electrochemical performance in lithiumion batteries (LIBs), transition-metal compounds usually show inferior capacity and cyclability in sodium-ion batteries (SIBs), implying different reaction schemes between these two types of systems. Herein, coupling operando magnetometry with electrochemical measurement, we peformed a comprehensive investigation on the intrinsic relationship between the ion-embedding mechanisms and the electrochemical properties of the typical FeS 2 /Na (Li) cells. Operando magnetometry together with ex-situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) measurement reveal that only part of FeS 2 is involved in the conversion reaction process, while the unreactive parts form "inactive cores" that lead to the low capacity. Through quantification with Langevin fitting, we further show that the size of the iron grains produced by the conversion reaction are much smaller in SIBs than that in LIBs, which may lead to more serious pulverization, thereby resulting in worse cycle performance. The underlying reason for the above two above phenomena in SIBs is the sluggish kinetics caused by the larger Na-ion radius. Our work paves a new way for the investigation of novel SIB materials with high capacity and long durability.

Background: The authors compare the effectiveness and safety of endovascular treatment (EVT) versus best medical management (BMM) in strokes attributable to acute basilar artery occlusion (BAO). Methods: The present analysis was based on the ongoing, prospective, multicenter ATTENTION (Endovascular Treatment for Acute Basilar Artery Occlusion) trial registry in China. Our analytic sample comprised 2134 patients recruited at 48 sites between 2017 and 2021 and included 462 patients who received BMM and 1672 patients who received EVT. We performed an inversed probability of treatment weighting analysis. Qualifying patients had to present within 24 hours of estimated BAO. The primary clinical outcome was favorable functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale score, 0–3) at 90 days. We also performed a sensitivity analysis with the propensity score matching–based and the instrumental variable–based analysis. Results: In our primary analysis using the inversed probability of treatment weighting–based analysis, there was a significantly higher rate of favorable outcome at 90 days among EVT patients compared with BMM-treated patients (adjusted relative risk, 1.42 [95% CI, 1.19–1.65]; absolute risk difference, 11.8% [95% CI, 6.9–16.7]). The mortality was significantly lower (adjusted relative risk, 0.78 [95% CI, 0.69–0.88]; absolute risk difference, −10.3% [95% CI, −15.8 to −4.9]) in patients undergoing EVT. Results were generally consistent across the secondary end points. Similar associations were seen in the propensity score matching–based and instrumental variable–based analysis. Conclusions: In this real-world study, EVT was associated with significantly better functional outcomes and survival at 90 days. Well-designed randomized studies comparing EVT with BMM in the acute BAO are needed. Registration: URL: www.chictr.org.cn ; Unique identifier: ChiCTR2000041117.

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