The design, manufacture and evaluation of a drum coffee roasting machine had been carried out. The aimed of the study was to develop a small-scale drum roaster to meet the demand of the small enterprises at design and function. The development stage consisted of sizing of the main components, creating technical drawings, determination of component materials, manufacture and performance test. The dimension of the roaster drum was 168.28 mm in diameter and 250 mm in length; the capacity of the roaster was 750 gram/ batch. Results of the test determined that the coffee roasting machine had worked well as expected. The preheating time was 15-22 minutes at a drum speed of 67.5 rpm. The initial loading temperature was 180°C. The test using arabica coffee bean reveals that the average crack time was 8.78 minutes, development time was 2.35 minutes, decreasing mass and increasing volume ranged from 19.80 – 20.30 % and 49.97 – 54.85 % respectively. The average crack time of Robusta coffee bean was 10 minutes; development time was 3 minutes, decreasing mass and increasing volume ranged from 10.87 – 14.90 % and 44.93 – 56.20 %, respectively. The required time to roast Arabica green coffee bean to the light-medium and medium-dark level was 11.3 and 12.38 minutes respectively, besides for Robusta green coffee beans was 13.00 and 14.00 minutes respectively.

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The shelf-life of the product need to be evaluated according to the commercialization of the product. Shelf-life assessment of the product can be done using acceleration method (Accelerated Shelf-life Testing) with critical moisture content approach. This research used the acceleration method to predict the expired date of the energy bar based banana. This method required the data such as initial water content, critical moisture content, solid weight of the product, surface area of the packaging, permeability water vapor of the packaging, saturated water vapor pressure, and slope of the sorption isotherm curve. The result showed that the shelf life of banana bar products that was packaged using aluminium foil, aluma, and metalized plastics consecutively for 511.15; 458.72; and 80.95 days based on the acceleration method with the critical moisture content approach.

Salah satu informasi penting yang harus diketahui dalam mendistribusikan produk pangan dari gudang penyimpanan hingga ke tangan konsumen adalah stabilitas produk pangan selama penyimpanan. Salah satu cara untuk menggambarkan stabilitas produk pangan adalah melalui kurva isotermi sorpsi air (ISA) yang memperlihatkan pola kadar air kesetimbangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan model matematika yang tepat menggambarkan isotermi sorpsi air dari beras analog. Pemodelan tersebut digunakan untuk menduga umur simpan beras analog melalui pendekatan kadar air kritis. Larutan garam jenuh yang digunakan untuk memperoleh kurva ISA beras analog antara lain NaOH, CH3COOK, MgCl2, KI, NaCl, KCl dan BaCl2. Model matematika yang digunakan untuk menggambarkan kurva ISA beras analog adalah model GAB, Oswin, Halsey, Chen-Clayton, Henderson, Caurie dan Smith. Berdasarkan nilai MRD maka model GAB adalah model matematika yang paling sesuai menggambarkan kurva ISA beras analog. Nilai kadar air kritis beras analog sebesar 15.24 % bk. Perhitungan pendugaan umur simpan beras analog yang disimpan di dalam plastik polipropilen dan plastik nilon masing-masing adalah 1 tahun 10 bulan dan 3 tahun 3 bulan.

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