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Electrical conduction in tetragonal β‐Bi2O3 doped with Sb2O3 was investigated by measuring electrical conductivity, ionic transference number, and Seebeck coefficient. The β‐Bi2O3 doped with 1 to 10 mol% Sb2O3 was stable up to 600°C and showed an oxygen ionic and electronic mixed conduction, where the electron conduction was predominant at low oxygen pressures. The oxygen‐ion conductivity showed a maximum at 4 mol% Sb2O3, whereas the activation energy for the ionic conduction remained unchanged for 4 to 10 mol% Sb2O3‐doped specimens. These results were interpreted in terms of the oxygen vacancy concentration and the distortion of the tetragonal structure. The electron conductivity and its oxygen pressure dependence decreased with increasing Sb2O3 content. The fact that Sb5+ is partially reduced by excess electrons in heavily doped β specimens at low oxygen pressures is explained.

In the time since the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami and Hurricane Katrina in 2005, an increasing number of studies have focused on developing agent-based simulations of citizen evacuation behaviours. The application of simulation to practice (i.e. evacuation planning, community disaster risk reduction strategy), however, is limited. This research aims to explore the effective application of agent-based evacuation simulation to better inform community evacuation planning through a collaborative process. The study developed an evacuation modelling tool focusing on the storm surge and flood evacuation behaviours of residents living in Takamatsu, Japan. The city of Takamatsu borders the Seto Inland Sea, an area where the risks from waterrelated disasters are increasing. The tidal flow of the Seto Inland Sea and storm surge flooding are simulated based on data from the 2004 typhoons, which seriously flooded the study area. An agent-based model exploring the relative vulnerability of residents as a function of location, demographic attributes including age, and previous experience is developed based on a questionnaire survey of residents which gathered information on their stated preference of evacuation. A visualisation of the simulation was shared with residents through workshops held in five neighbourhoods. It was also shared with government officials. The feedback from residents and governments officials on the effective applications to community evacuation planning are discussed and plans for future research are outlined.

SAMMARY: Coastal aquaculture has been increased and developed in a semi-enclosed bay. In Sido Bay, located northeast side of Kagawa Pref., could produce marine aquaculture productions to supply the population demands. The feeding rate of fish farming is approximately 12,378 tones a year, with the highest rate in summer. Therefore, the pollution from floating aquaculture cage can affect the environment via fecal waste, dissolved waste and excess feed settles. After the field experiments, it was found the tidal current, bottom topography and DO consumption rate by sediment are important factors to evaluate the carrying capacity of aquaculture grounds. The authors proposed a more appropriate evaluation method for DO by using 3-dimensional numerical model taking the effect of oxygen consumption by the fish in the aquaculture cage and bottom sediment into consideration.