We made an attempt to express a complaint of sleep disturbance by a self‐rating scale of radar chart mode. The questionnaire for sleep disturbance is made up of eight items. Each item was scored from grade 1 to 4. The score of each item was projected to the MY radar chart, designed by us. It is noted that this method is useful in following the effect of hypnotics on sleep disturbance.

We made an attempt to compare the complaints about sleep disturbance in the elderly based on the questionnaires using self-rating scales carried out in 1983 and 1996. It was noted that the score of awakening frequency from the course of sleep was the highest of all the items in men and women in both the 1983 and 1996 inquiries. The scores of insomnia nights per week and the difficulty in falling asleep were slightly higher in women than in men in both inquiries.

We investigated the questionnaire study on sleep of junior high school students to estimate the effect of excessive study hours on their sleep time in 1998. A total of 501 students answered the questionnaire. It was noted that most of the students sleep for 6-8 h on weekdays. The majority of the students of the junior high school felt that their sleep is insufficient on weekdays.

We present a measurement system for a rotationally symmetric aspheric surface that is designed for accurate and high-volume measurements. The system uses the Shack-Hartmann sensor and is capable of measuring aspheres with a maximum diameter of 90 mm in one shot. In our system, a reference surface, made with the same aspheric parameter as the test surface, is prepared. The test surface is recovered as the deviation from the reference surface using a figure-error reconstruction algorithm with a ray coordinate and angle variant table. In addition, we developed a method to calibrate the rotationally symmetric system error. These techniques produce stable measurements and high accuracy. For high-throughput measurements, a single measurement scheme and auto alignment are implemented; they produce a 4.5 min measurement time, including calibration and alignment. In this paper, we introduce the principle and calibration method of our system. We also demonstrate that our system achieved an accuracy better than 5.8 nm RMS and a repeatability of 0.75 nm RMS by comparing our system's aspheric measurement results with those of a probe measurement machine.

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