N ovel oral anticoagulants (NOACs) reduce incidence of stroke and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation.1 Several studies demonstrated hematoma expansion in patients with ICH occurring during warfarin therapy and poor clinical outcomes.2 However, information regarding hematoma size, its expansion, and functional and vital outcomes of patients with ICH occurring during NOAC treatment have been limited and remain largely unclear.Cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) are said to be predictive of the occurrence of ICH or ischemic stroke 3 and to increase the risk of warfarin-associated ICH. 4 Furthermore, a considerable interest has been shown in association between CMBs and subsequent ICH in patients treated with NOACs. 5 In the present study, we investigated clinical and neuroradiological characteristics of patients with ICH occurring during NOAC treatment. MethodsFrom April 2011 through October 2013, 585 patients (342 men) with ICH were admitted to the Hirosaki Stroke and Rehabilitation Center for acute therapy <7 days after the onset (n=329) and for further rehabilitation therapy <60 days after the onset from other hospitals (n=256). Of all, 5 patients (1%) had ICH during NOAC treatment with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation, 56 (10%) during warfarin, and the other 524 (89%) during Background and Purpose-Neuroradiological characteristics and functional outcomes of patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) during novel oral anticoagulant treatment were not well defined. We examined these in comparison with those during warfarin treatment. Methods-The consecutive 585 patients with ICH admitted from April 2011 through October 2013 were retrospectively studied. Of all, 5 patients (1%) had ICH during rivaroxaban treatment, 56 (10%) during warfarin, and the other 524 (89%) during no anticoagulants. We focused on ICH during rivaroxaban and warfarin treatments and compared the clinical characteristics, neuroradiological findings, and functional outcomes. Results-Patients in the rivaroxaban group were all at high risk for major bleeding with hypertension, abnormal renal/ liver function, stroke, bleeding history or predisposition, labile international normalized ratio, elderly, drugs/alcohol concomitantly (HAS-BLED) score of 3 and higher rate of past history of ICH. Moreover, multiple cerebral microbleeds (≥4) were detected more frequently in rivaroxaban group than in warfarin (80% versus 29%; P=0.04). Hematoma volume in rivaroxaban group was markedly smaller than that in warfarin (median: 4 versus 11 mL; P=0.03). No patient in the rivaroxaban group had expansion of hematoma and surgical treatment. Rivaroxaban group showed lower modified Rankin Scale at discharge relative to warfarin, and the difference between modified Rankin Scale before admission and at discharge was smaller in rivaroxaban than in warfarin (median: 1 versus 3; P=0.047). No patient in the rivaroxaban group died during hospitalization, whereas 10 (18%) warfarin patients died. Conclusions-Rivaroxaban-associated ICH occur...

5371to occur upon carbidization2q3 in metal crystallites of first-row transition metals. Acknowledgment. We thank the M.P.I. for a grant and the "Centro per lo Studio della Sintesi e della Struttura" for the use of equipment. Supplementary Material Available: A list of atomic coordinates and thermal factors of [NMe3CH2Ph]5[HNi34(C0)38c4] (Table I) and [NEt4]6[Ni35(C0)39C4] (Table 11) (14 pages). Ordering information is given on any current masthead page. The [Ni35(C0)39C4]6 cluster was isolated from the decomposition products obtained by refluxing [NEt4I2[Nis(CO) '21 in CH&' Crystals of [NMe3CH2Ph]5[HNi34(CO)38C4] and [NEt4]6-16) Nakagura, S. J. Phys. SOC. Jpn. 1957, 12,482. (17) Ceriotti, A,; Longoni, G.; Perego, M.; Manassero, M.; Sansoni, M.

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