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three-dimensionally manipulate micrometer-sized objects in solution in a nondestructive way, [1] optical tweezers have been used in research fields ranging from material science to biology. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] Inside bulk solution, stable trapping is only achieved when the gradient force is larger than the scattering force and overcomes Brownian motion and gravity. [1] However, at an interface, the picture is completely different: both optical forces (gradient and scattering) assist in trapping and gathering of particles. The particles trapped inside the focus scatter and propagate the trapping laser, which expands the optical potential, in this way assisting in collecting particles outside the focus. Thus, so-called dynamically evolving assemblies of different materials (e.g., metallic and polymeric particles, proteins, small weight molecules) have been prepared by optical trapping at an interface. [16][17][18][19][20][21] In general, the morphology and the behavior of these trapped particles are dependent on the material properties; however, all these assemblies have in common that they expand far-beyond the irradiated area and that they are dynamic in owning to bespoke light-particle and particle-particle interactions.Gaining control on particle-particle interactions and selfassembled structures is one of the key objectives for colloidal Gaining control on particle-particle interactions and in this way on their (self )-assembled structures is essentialfor colloidal and material sciences. Currently, different strategies are described to achieve such control, however, all of them lack the spatiotemporal resolution required at the microscale. In this work, the potential of combining optical trapping and resonant photo excitation for modifying particle-particle interactions and subsequent assembling of dye-doped particles at the solution interface is demonstrated. The particle assemblies prepared by nonresonant 1064 nm optical trapping undergo morphology changes after resonant photoexcitation of the embedded dye molecules. Depending on the physicochemical properties of interface, quick hexagonal close packing (HCP)-rearrangement or explosive dispersion of assemblies is observed at air/solution (A/S) and glass/solution interfaces, respectively. By contrast, by resonant photoexcitation only, the dispersed dye-doped particles are pushed toward the A/S interface, followed by association to yield HCP-structured assemblies. The results are rationalized by considering the optical absorption force coupled with other nonoptical forces (e.g., capillary force, dipole-dipole or electrostatic repulsion) at the solution interface. Due to the inherent spatiotemporal properties of light and electronic transition of materials, absorption force is a unique element to control and modify the structural order of particle assemblies at interfaces.

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Charge-trapping SONOS devices featuring nanowire (NW) and independent double-gated (IDG) structure are fabricated and characterized. The mechanism leading to DG output current performance enhancement is investigated. Taking advantage of the separated-gated property, the back-gate bias effect is used to probe its impacts on programming efficiency. It is also discovered that reduced NW thickness leads to stronger back-gate effects.