No abstract

The majority of moist dust and gas collectors are furnished with a different type of sprinkler intended for the delivery of water, solutions, or suspensions to an apparatus. As operating practice indicates, it is necessary to sprinkle the active crosssectional area of the collectors to achieve maximum efficiency of the collection process; this is rather difficult, especially in cases where the volumes of purified gas reach tens, and occasionally even hundreds of thousands of cubic meters per hour.Centrifugal and splash-plate spray injectors, which form a spray in the form of a hollow cone are used most frequently in gas-cleaning equipment. Existing centrifugal spray injectors are characterized by the existence of two flows into which the delivered liquid is divided; a peripheral flow imparts rotation, and a second flow is delivered into the mixing chamber in the form of an axial jet. The rotating flow transmits some of the energy of the central jet and partially untwists it, and is itself slowed somewhat. The single resultant flow that forms breaks down beyond the limits of the nozzle channel with the formation of a flare in the form of a filled cone.This type of injectors ensures uniform spraying of the section of gas cleaners. They are widely used to atomize pure water and solutions, but clog rapidly when installed in a circulating water-supply system and when suspensions are delivered.To improve the operational reliability of a centrifugal spray injector intended for coarse atomization of suspensions containing up to 2-3 g/liter of suspended matter, and water circulating in a circulating water-supply system, the ScientificResearch Institute of Gas Purification for Industry and Sanitation has developed a centrifugal spray injector for coarse atomization (Fig. 1).The injector developed is distinguished by a vortex-generator cover angle that has been reduced to I 1 ~ The vortex generator is simple to fabricate, and can be made by stamping for series production. This makes it possible to operate on suspensions and clarified water containing suspended particles up to 15-20 mm in diameter, and also fibrous inclusions. The coefficient of flow/z = 0.75 for the injector. The cover angle of the flare is -50 ~ The average range of the flare is 4.5-6 m. Calculations indicate that the range should increase to 7-8 m when the productivity of the injector is increased to 120 n~/h.A nomogram for selection of the type size of injector as a function of productivity is presented in Fig. 2. The centrifugal spray injector was developed for a spray feed in scrubbers used for the desulfuration of flue gases by the limestone method, and uniform distribution of a spraying liquid throughout the tube plate of a battery emulsifier with a 2000 • 2000-mm section, which is intended for installation at thermal power plants.To estimate the integral size distribution of drops of atomized liquid and the uniformity of its distribution throughout the effective section, we used an injector with an efflux diameter of 15 ram.The experimental assessme...

The effect of erosion-induced wear on a number of mechanical (hydraulic) injectors for the spraying of return water with a solid-suspension content of up to 500 mg/liter is investigated. The operational potential of various types of injectors is determined, and recommendations are given for the material formulation of individual components of the injector.In wet-cleaning equipment, the devices used to atomize the liquid -injectors (sprinklers), are objects most vulnerable to possible wear; enhancement of their reliability is of critical significance to industrial practice. It is primarily two factors that contribute to nozzle failure -corrosion and erosion. Where the effect of the first factor can be largely eliminated by selection of appropriate material formulation, the rate at which the surface layer of the nozzle erodes will, in addition to the material from which the article is fabricated, depend on the geometry of the injector, and the level of contamination of the liquid supplied for sprinkling.Since it is rather difficult to account for all injector-operating regimes under industrial conditions, the suspension content in the spraying liquid was defined (as the limiting amount) on the basis of practical data -500 mg/liter [1]. This conditional amount, however, does not always reflect the level of reliability of individual types of nozzles.In this connection, we investigated the dependence of injector wear on various compositions of liquids supplied for spraying. The reliability of six types of injectors recommended for use in gas-cleaning units was investigated [2]: a TsF (s)-10-1 centrifugal (helical) injector with a nozzle diameter d n = 10 mm; an elongated centrifugal injector developed by the Institute Giprogazoochistka with d n = 15 mm; a TsS-10-60 centrifugal-jet injector developed by the NIIOogaz with d n = 10 mm; an elongated full-flare injector developed by the NIIOogaz with d n = 15 mm; an US-14/8 percussive-jet injector with an annular slit 3 mm wide; and, a 32-8/6-30 plane-flare injector (discharge port with dimensions of 8 × 6 mm).In conducting the experimental investigations on an experimental device (Fig. 1), the problem had become one of obtaining a relative assessment of injector designs that are fabricated from carbon steel and function in regulated regimes using slurries as atomized liquids.

No abstract