Purpose: To evaluate the knowledge, anxiety, depression, and sleep quality toward COVID-19 among Chinese medical staff from tertiary and basic-level hospitals in central south areas of China.Method: A structured questionnaire was composed of Demographic and clinical characteristics of medical staff, Knowledge toward COVID-19 including epidemiology and clinical manifestations, The Self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), and The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). It was administered to medical staff from tertiary hospitals (Group A) (n = 407) and basic-level hospitals (Group B) (n = 388) during February 2020 and May 2020.Results: Medical staff in group A had a stronger knowledge toward COVID-19 than group B (23.69 ± 5.83 & 18.15 ± 6.35, p < 0.001). Mild anxiety symptoms were found in both groups. The SAS scores (Mean ± SD) of group B were 58.87 ± 10.17, which was significantly higher than that of group A (52.59 ± 12.09, p < 0.001). There were no significant differences in CES-D scores between the two groups (p = 0.981). The mean score of total PSQI in group B (8.41 ± 3.03) was statistically higher than that of group A (7.31 ± 3.74, p < 0.001). Additionally, the scores of sub-components of group B, including subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep disorder, sleeping medication use and daytime dysfunction, were significantly higher compared to Group A (p < 0.05).Conclusions: Our study showed greater anxiety, more severe depression and poorer sleep quality among medical staff in central south areas of China during the COVID-19 outbreak. Additionally, compared to the tertiary hospital group, medical staff from basic-level hospitals had poorer knowledge toward COVID-19 and worse mental health conditions. In addition, residence, specialty, title and education level may also be factors of knowledge of COVID-19 and psychiatry problems. In light of this information, more attention should be paid to early identification and intervention of symptoms of anxiety and depression in susceptible medical staff from the basic-level hospitals.

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PurposeThis study was carried out to test the validity and reliability of the Chinese version of the Stigma Scale of Epilepsy (SSE), with aim to better understand the public stigmatizing attitudes of epilepsy in China and help elucidate stigma determinants for interventions.MethodsThe SSE was translated into Simplified Chinese Mandarin. In this study, most of the participants were enrolled via convenience sampling by randomly distributing questionnaires on the streets and parts of the participants were recruited by an online platform named Wenjuanxing. We assessed the psychometric properties of the SSE in 310 Chinese native-speaker. Cronbach's alpha was tested for reliability. Index of Content Validity (CVI) was calculated. Exploratory and confirmatory analysis were used to explore the factor structure and verify the validity of SSE.ResultsThe Cronbach's alpha is 0.936 for the overall scale, and the CVI value is greater than 0.78. The exploratory factor analysis (EFA) extracted SSE six factors: the fear of seizure attacks (factor 1), sympathy for patients with epilepsy (PWEs) (factor 2); difficulties faced by PWEs (factor 3); speculation on PWEs' feeling (factor 4); discrimination against PWEs (factor 5); and knowledge about epilepsy (factor 6). The item 13 was proven to be problematic and has been eliminated. The confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) ensured the great construct validity (χ2/SD = 1.725, goodness of fit index (GFI) = 0.916, and root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.048), convergent validity (the factor loads of each item corresponding to each latent variable >0.6, average variance extracted (AVE) > 0.5, and composite reliability (CR) > 0.7), and discrimination validity (all of the absolute value of correlation coefficient are <0.5,and less than the square root of AVE) of the SSE.ConclusionsThe Chinese version of the SSE scale was a valid and reliable tool to measure epilepsy-associated stigma in the Chinese society.

Aims Differentiating mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) and neocortical temporal lobe epilepsy (NTLE) remains challenging. Our study characterized the metabolic profiles between MTLE and NTLE and their correlation with surgical prognosis using 18F‐FDG‐PET. Methods A total of 137 patients with intractable temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and 40 age‐matched healthy controls were recruited. Patients were divided into the MTLE group (N = 91) and the NTLE group (N = 46). 18F‐FDG‐PET was used to measure the metabolism of regional cerebra, which was analyzed using statistical parametric mapping. The volume of abnormal metabolism in cerebral regions and their relationship with surgical prognosis were calculated for each surgical patient. Results The cerebral hypometabolism of MTLE was limited to the ipsilateral temporal and insular lobes (p < 0.001, uncorrected). The NTLE patients showed hypometabolism in the ipsilateral temporal, frontal, and parietal lobes (p < 0.001, uncorrected). The MTLE patients showed extensive hypermetabolism in cerebral regions (p < 0.001, uncorrected). Hypermetabolism in NTLE was limited to the contralateral temporal lobe and cerebellum, ipsilateral frontal lobe, occipital lobe, and bilateral thalamus (p < 0.001, uncorrected). Among patients who underwent resection of epileptic lesions, 51 (67.1%) patients in the MTLE group and 10 (43.5%) in the NTLE group achieved Engel class IA outcome (p = 0.041). The volumes of metabolic increase for the frontal lobe or thalamus in the MTLE group were larger in non‐Engel class IA patients than Engel class IA patients (p < 0.05). Conclusions The spatial metabolic profile discriminated NTLE from MTLE. Hypermetabolism of the thalamus and frontal lobe in MTLE may facilitate preoperative counseling and surgical planning.