ÖZETAmaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, Sucuoğlu ve arkadaşları tarafından kısıtlı sayıda örneklem grubunda iç tutarlılık, kapsam geçerliği ve örneklem grubunun uç grupları için ayırt ediciliği incelenen Türkçe Çocukluk Otizmi Derecelendirme Ölçeği'nin (ÇODÖ) geçerlik ve güvenilirlik analizini genişletmektir. Yöntem SUMMARY Validity and Reliability Analysis of Turkish Version of Childhood Autism Rating ScaleObjective: The purpose of this study is to expand validity and reliability analysis of Turkish Version of Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS), whose internal consistency,content validity and discriminant validity for a limited size of sample group were examined by Sucuoğlu et al.Method: 96 children and adolescents aged between 4-18, (48 diagnosed with pervasive developmental disorder (PDD) and 48 diagnosed with mental disability (MD) and developmental delay based on DSM-IV-TR criteria,) were included in the study. Regarding reliability analysis of Turkish Version of the scale; Cronbach's alpha values as internal consistency indicator, inter-rater reliability, and test-retest reliability were calculated. Principal components analysis and Varimax rotation were used in order to determine factors. The scale was compared with Autism Behavior Checklist and Clinical Global Impression-Severity of Illness. The most appropriate cut-off point was determined for CARS by conducting ROC analysis.Results: As a result of principal components analysis and Varimax rotation, one component factor was obtained. Correlations between CARS and the other scales were statistically significant. The Cronbach's alpha value of total score of the scale was determined as 0,95. Test-retest reliability (r=0,98, p<0,01), and inter-rater reliability (r=0,98, p<0,01) were determined for total score of the scale. The cut-off point of the scale was 29,5. Conclusion:All of these results support that the scale adapted into Turkish is a valid and reliable assessment instrument

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(n=122) was measured in whole blood via LC-MS/MS. Data were analysed with a one-Way ANOVA. Results We found statistically significant differences in maternal global DNA methylation (p=0.008) and global DNA hydroxymethylation (p=0.004) at 20 weeks of pregnancy. Post hoc tests revealed that global DNA methylation and global DNA hydroxymethylation level was significantly lower when the mother had an intellectual/scientific/artistic profession (6.36% and 0.13%) as opposed to being a manager (7.77%, p=0.007% and 0.22%, p=0.002) or administrative staff (7.71%, p=0.003% and 0.2%, p=0.005). No significant differences between different working groups were found for global DNA (hydroxy)methylation in the first and third trimester of pregnancy and at delivery. Conclusion The mother's occupation was associated with maternal global DNA (hydroxy)methylation levels only in the second trimester of pregnancy. The change in maternal global DNA (hydroxy)methylation in the second trimester of pregnancy could be due to hormonal changes during pregnancy, a shift in the one-carbon metabolism in the middle of pregnancy, but based on these results we also have to take into account maternal occupational exposure.

Background:Dental laboratories include many hazards and risks. Dental technicians working in an unfavorable work environment in Turkey and other parts of the world may develop pneumoconiosis as a result of exposure to dust, depending on exposure time. In this study, we aimed to investigate the clinical and laboratory findings of dental technicians.Materials and Methods:The study consists of a case series. Between 2013 and 2016, a total of 70 who were working as a dental technician and referred to our clinic with suspicion of occupational disease were evaluated. Comprehensive work-history, physical examination complaints, functional status, chest X-ray, and high-resolution computed lung tomography (HRCT) findings were evaluated.Results:In all, 46 (65.7%) of the 70 dental technicians were diagnosed with pneumoconiosis. About 45 (97.8%) subjects were male and 1 (2.2%) was female. The mean age of starting to work was 15.89 ± 2.79 (11-23) years. The mix dust exposure time was 176.13 ± 73.97 (18-384) months. Small round opacities were most common finding. In 16 patients, high profusion being 2/3 and above were identified, and large opacity was detected in 11 patients. The radiological profusion had a weak negative correlation with FEV 1 and FVC (correlation coefficient − 0.18, P = 0.210 and − 0.058, P = 0704) and moderate negative correlation between radiological profusion and FEV1/FVC (correlation coefficient − 0.377, P = 0.010). In addition, no correlation was observed between the age at start of work and the duration of exposure.Conclusion:The presence of pneumoconiosis continues in dental technicians in Turkey, especially because there is an early childhood apprenticeship culture and almost all workers in this period have the history of sandblasting.

Introduction In circulation, 99% vitamin D is transported by binding to vitamin D binding protein (VDBP) and albumin. Vitamin D at free form and vitamin D binding to albumin are defined as bioavailable vitamin D. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with atherogenic lipid profile and insulin resistance. Remnant cholesterol is defined as the cholesterol component of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and contributes to the atherosclerotic burden. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between bioavailable vitamin D and remnant cholesterol in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods A total of 198 T2DM patients and 208 non-diabetic subjects underwent biochemical measurements of lipid profiles, 25(OH)D, VDBP, CRP and albumin levels. Their demographic characteristics (age, sex) were questioned. Subjects with thyroid, kidney and liver dysfunction and using lipid-lowering therapy were not included in the study. The diagnosis of T2DM was made according to the American Diabetes Association ADA 2016 criteria. Classification of vitamin D levels was done according to the Endocrine Society. Bioavailable vitamin D concentrations were calculated. Results High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), 25(OH)D, free vitamin D and bioavailable vitamin D levels were significantly lower in diabetic patients than in non-diabetic patients while triglyceride, remnant cholesterol and CRP levels were found to be significantly higher. VDBP was positively correlated with CRP and remnant cholesterol in diabetic patients, but not in non-diabetic patients. Cut-off values were determined from non-diabetics as 3.56 ng/mL for bioavailable vitamin D and 26.56 mg/dL for remnant cholesterol. Logistic regression analysis in the control group showed that the odds ratio for increasing remnant cholesterol above the cut-off value was determined as 2.01 for low bioavailable vitamin D and 1.1 for elevated CRP. However, in T2DM there was no significant relationship. In all subjects, low bioavailable vitamin D increased the remnant cholesterol above the cut-off by 2.18-fold independent of the presence of T2DM. However, there was no significant risk to increase remnant cholesterol, considering a total 25(OH) D deficiency in all groups. Conclusions Low bioavailable vitamin D was found to be a risk factor for elevated remnant cholesterol. This relationship was not detected in patients with T2DM. We believe that the inflammation observed in Diabetes Mellitus may increase the concentrations of VDBP and a decrease in bioavailable vitamin D levels. Therefore, measuring VDBP and calculating the bioavailable vitamin D may provide additional information about the actual vitamin D status.