Albuminuria should be suggested as a potential health screening biomarker in senior citizens and general population with hypertension and diabetes.

Background: Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) is associated with nosocomial infections that poses a serious threat to public health. According to a previous study, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is considered a risk factor of CRKP transmission in the hospital. Methods: In this study, two cases infected with CRKP after ERCP were investigated. The origin of CRKP was determined by collecting the isolates from patients and screening the environment for ERCP units and the specific endoscopes. The antimicrobials susceptibility testing and molecular typing were performed for these CRKP. After post-ERCP infection happened, the procedure of endoscope disinfection was changed and hydrogen dioxide disinfection of ERCP unit was performed.Results: A total of five CRKP isolates were obtained from patients and screening the environment for ERCP units and the specific endoscopes, including three from the patients and two from the ERCP operating room. The CRKP from the patients and environment were both ST11, and the pulsed-field gel electrophoresis results showed that they shared identical bands, which indicated that the contaminated environment was associated with the nosocomial CRKP infections. After the control measures of endoscopes and hydrogen dioxide disinfection, post-ERCP infection decreased in the next six months.Conclusion: Early warning and response system should be established to control the spreading of CRKP in ERCP operation unit.

Objective: Obesity-induced Insulin Resistance (IR) is one of the main causes of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and accompanies the progression of T2DM. Serum Ferritin has been shown to be associated with IR. Inflammation is also suggested to be involved in IR and pancreatic β-cell dysfunction. However, there is lack of enough evidence concerning the interrelationship between serum Ferritin, inflammation, and IR in the Chinese population with T2DM. In this study, the relationships between serum Ferritin and inflammatory biomarkers with IR in Chinese population were investigated. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 207 Chinese participants, aged 40-60 years in Tianjin, China. Serum Ferritin, transferrin, and folate were measured by immuno-assay analyzer. The levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 were detected by ELISA. IR was evaluated by Homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) of IR. Correlations were examined by regression analyses. Results: Serum Ferritin level was higher in non-diabetic obese and diabetic group than the non-diabetic lean group. The levels of TNF-α and CRP were significantly higher in the diabetic obese group than non-diabetic and diabetic lean subjects. Serum Ferritin, TNF-α, and CRP were all correlated with BMI. TNF-α correlated with IR and FPI. TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and CRP were all correlated with FPG and HbA1c. Conclusion: In Chinese population, IR had a significant association with TNF-α but not with serum Ferritin. Serum Ferritin, TNF-α, and CRP were all correlated with BMI. Inflammation and glucose metabolism factors (FPG, HbA1c) showed a strong correlation with each other as well as with adiposity.