Innovation in pedagogy by technology integration in kindergarten classroom has always been a challenge for most teachers. This design-based research aimed to explore the feasibility of using Augmented Reality (AR) technology in early art education with a focus on the gains and pains of this innovation. A case study was conducted in a typical kindergarten in Hong Kong, with a class of four-to five-year-old children (N=30) and their class teacher, ICT teacher as well as two parent volunteers. A series of art education activities using AR was designed and implemented in the class. Effectiveness of the activities was evaluated through a triangulation of semi-structured interviews with teachers, principal and parents, and surveys administered to children. The results indicated that (1) all the children could design, control and interact with the animated objects generated by the AR application; (2) all the stakeholders interviewed were supportive of this pedagogical innovation and (3) the principal, teachers and parents were concerned about the side effects of using AR in early childhood education. Possible improvements and implications to AR-based art education were also addressed.

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Design for future retailing: an investigation into the changing status of city-based retailers in the UK.

With the improvement of living standards, daily communication activities have not only been limited to chatting or dining with friends, a variety of party activities have also entered the life of college students. However, the increasing complexity of consumer behavior and rapid changes in the external environment make it difficult for merchants to get hold of market changes. Therefore, we conducted market researches on the gathering market (ten people or more) of college students in Dalian using questionnaires and interviews. Results are based on statistics, consumer behavior, marketing and other theories, using correlation analysis, cross analysis, chi-square test, and the marketing theory of 4Cs, the marketing theory of 4Ps and other analysis methods. The results also clearly indicate the status quo and potential of the gathering market of college students in Dalian make reasonable market forecasts and provide merchants with suggestions for improvement and innovation.