The influence of endodontic irrigation on shear bond strengths of resin cement to radicular dentin was investigated. Human radicular dentin blocks were divided into four groups and subjected to one of four endodontic irrigations: ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) group, 17% EDTA for 60 s; EDTA/sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) group, 17% EDTA for 60 s followed by 10 ml of 5% NaOCl for 15 s; NaOCl group, 10 ml of 5% NaOCl for 15 s; and control group, no treatment. Morphological changes of dentin surface after endodontic irrigation were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A resin block was bonded to the radicular dentin after irrigation using resin cement with either wet-bonding (Uni-Etch/One-Step; Bisco) or self-etching (Tyrian SPE/One-Step Plus; Bisco) adhesives. Shear bond strengths were measured and the penetration of resin tags into dentinal tubules at resin-dentin interface was observed by SEM. With the wet-bonding system, the shear bond strengths for the EDTA/NaOCl group, in which dentinal tubules openings and uniform resin tag penetration into dentinal tubules were observed, were significantly higher than the EDTA and control groups. With the self-etching system, the shear bond strengths were significantly lower in the EDTA group compared with the NaOCl and control groups. The effects of endodontic irrigation on the bonding of resin cement to radicular dentin depended on the dentin bonding system used.

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The aim of this in vitro study was to investigate the relationship between bacterial infections in carious dentin when detected by two different methods -- polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and a laser fluorescence device, DIAGNOdent. Dentin was removed every 300 micro m in the direction of the pulp chamber in 10 extracted molars with occlusal dentin caries and 3 extracted sound molars. Dentin surfaces were evaluated using DIAGNOdent, and dentinal tissue samples were removed by using a round bur before and after each removal. Bacterial DNA in the dentinal tissues was detected by PCR, using primers based on the nucleotide sequence of a conserved region of the 16S rDNA, and yielded a PCR product of 466 bp. The rates of bacterial detection increased as the DIAGNOdent values increased. In the 10 specimens, the lowest DIAGNOdent value at which bacteria were detected was 15.6; at DIAGNOdent values below 15.6, no bacteria were detected. The results of a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for the DIAGNOdent values showed that the area under the ROC curve was 0.91. This study clarified the relationship between the DIAGNOdent values of dentin caries and the rates of bacterial detection.

This in vitro study investigated the relationship between assessments of dentin caries using a laser fluorescence device （DIAGNOdent）and a caries detector dye during caries removal. The dentin of eight extracted carious molars was removed at 300-μm interval points from the dentin surface toward the pulp chamber. Before and after each removal, images of the carious surfaces were taken in association with color-matching stickers（for color correction）and the surfaces were evaluated by DIAGNOdent based on fluorescence emission from the tooth surface.

The purpose of this study was to compare the toothbrush abrasion resistance of seven different experimental resins which were made by changing the composition of resin monomers. The experimental resins were made by mixing four kinds of dental resin monomers (Bis-GMA, UDMA, TMPT and TEGDMA), camphorquinone (1 wt%), dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (2 wt%) and 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol (0.05 wt%). The resin specimens were stored in air for 2 weeks, and then put on a toothbrush abrasion testing machine. After 100000 strokes, the wear loss of each specimen was determined by weight change during the wear test. TMPT-TEGDMA resin showed the most wear resistance, while Bis-GMA- and UDMA-based resins showed increased wear resistance with an increased content of TEGDMA. Also, a inverse relationship between the microhardness number and the amount of wear of the respective resins was confirmed.