Transmission of mutant virus may cause occult HBV infection in the acute stage. HBV NAT, even in MP configuration, is more effective than HBsAg testing and capable of interdicting infected donors in the pre- and post-HBsAg window periods.

The age-specific distribution of HBV genotypes in Japanese blood donors was observed in the B/C genotype ratio. The gender-specific distribution of HBV genotype A, which originated from the US or Western countries, was observed in male Japanese donors.

A new sequence KIs-V was isolated from blood donors with elevated ALT levels. It was suggested that KIs-V is a double-stranded circular DNA genome derived from a novel category of enveloped viruses.

The results indicate that the pathogenic CMV strain was transmitted through breast milk, which is consistent with the claims that transfusion-transmitted CMV infection due to leukoreduced blood products is uncommon.

No abstract