No abstract

The purpose of this work is to study the qualitative indicators of drainage and waste water from irrigated areas in order to justify the treatment technology. The research was carried out within the Bagayevskaya irrigation system located in the Rostov Region, the Russian Federation. The location of the well is confined to the second terrace above the floodplain of the Western Manych River. The chemical composition of drainage water allows us to refer this water category to the sulfate class, the sodium group of a partially mixed cationic composition. The type of drainage water is sulfate sodium and sulfate calcium. In drainage runoff, there are no chlorine-magnesium waters, even in the autumn period. The content of biogenic elements during the observation period in the investigated wells was within the following limits: phosphates – from 0.04 to 0.75 mg/dm3, ammonium ions – from 0.07 to 1.35 mg/dm3, and nitrates – from 0.05 to 0.43 mg/dm3. An improved treatment method of drainage and waste water for crop irrigation is proposed. It includes the removal of mechanical impurities and petroleum products (in the first stage) on coalescent modules installed directly on the discharge or drainage channel in the form of a framework module and the release of heavy metal ions, organic substances and excess salts (in the second stage) in the sorption block, which includes three sorption layers – S-VERAD, zeolite and quartz in an equal ratio, placed in a grid of a filter cassette of the cassette-holding device.

This article presents the scientific rationale for the application of wastewater as an alternative source of irrigation under water deficit. The purpose is to develop technological solutions for the use of the drainage effluent as an alternative source of water in reclamation systems. This research investigated the process of filtration through the filter element, which is made on the basis of coal production waste and has a cylindrical shape with a cavity inside that is filled with the sorbent based on rice husks, and developed a method for the preparation of the drainage effluent for the agricultural use. Studies of the filtration process were carried out on the models of the radial pressure filter. The results of the conducted research on the pressure loss increase in the filter element have shown that when the diameter of the grains of the filter element is increased, there is a reduction in the pressure loss increase with respect to time. At dg=0.18 mm the critical dirt-holding capacity starts at 3 hours of the filtration process, at dg= 0.23 mm – 6 hours, and at dg=0.71 mm –14 hours. The efficiency of purification when using the developed filter element depending on the diameter of the grains and the filtration rate decreases over time, and towards the end of the filtration cycle (15 hours), their content is reduced from 8.2 to 0.2 mg/dm3 at a uniform filtration rate. The method helps to improve the quality of the preparation of the drainage effluent for crop irrigation, to expand the range of the use of drainage water, having a different chemical composition, and to simplify the process of installation of the filter elements through the use of more light weight construction.

The purpose is to study the technological parameters of the developed drip outlet to improve the drip irrigation systems effi ciency. The studies to determine the main design specifi cations of the improved drip outlet were carried out in laboratory conditions.