In this article, the accessibility of assistive technologies is considered as a factor in the realization of the labor potential of persons with disabilities and is analyzed in the context of the accessibility of the urban environment, the enterprise environment, and directly at the workplace. The analysis was based on data from two studies, which were devoted to persons with disabilities in Moscow’s labor market, but the identified problems were not specific to the capital region. In Russian provinces, these issues are even more acute due to the scarcity of regional budgets and the populations’ lower standards of living. The results showed that there were contradictions and problems in each of the considered aspects of this problem. In terms of quantity, the availability of assistive technologies to persons with disabilities is growing, but modern assistive technologies are often not accessible to disabled people because of the high cost and specifics of the public procurement system. Among other barriers to the use of modern assistive technologies by persons with disabilities are ignorance and conservatism of employees of the medical and social expertise systems. The urban environment and urban transport have become more adapted to the needs of disabled people, but existing improvements are far from being sufficient, and many of them are imitative. The State declares the need to include persons with disabilities in the labor sphere, but at the same time insufficiently stimulates employers to create adapted workplaces and does not support enterprises specializing in providing employment for people with disabilities. All of these factors confirm the need for an integrated approach to study the implementation processes of ATs.

No abstract

Among the key goals of the National Project "Healthcare" is provision of State (municipal) medical organizations with qualified medical personnel. Achievement of this goal largely depends on the quality of medical personnel training. At the same time, noticeable changes have been taking place in the medical education system in recent years: they concern regulatory and legal framework of medical and educational activities, technical equipment and conditions of economic activity of universities, etc. The changing socio-economic context has an impact on both university applicants, their motivation, and those who train future doctors. The article presents an analysis of the results of the study "Development of the human resources potential of the Moscow healthcare" carried out in 2019 under the auspices of the Moscow Healthcare Department, which addressed both the quantitative aspects of the staffing of medical organizations subordinated to the city, and the quality of medical personnel issues concerning professional training. Information on the quality of graduates from medical universities and the factors determining it was obtained through a series of in-depth structured interviews with experts, who were representatives of the capital's medical universities and chief doctors of medical institutions. In the course of the survey, experts expressed their opinion about all factors affecting the quality of medical education: the level of training and motivation of applicants; characteristics of the teaching staff; organization of the educational process, etc. Analysis of the expert opinions testifies to ambiguity of the situation in medical education. The positive aspects include the growing interest in obtaining the profession of a doctor and the demand for knowledge, as well as some improvement in the remuneration of university workers, which has a positive effect on the filling of pedagogical vacancies and the social well-being of teachers. At the same time, practically in each of the components of the quality of medical specialists training — in methodological support, technical equipment, the possibility of obtaining practical skills by future doctors — there have been found problems that require solution.

No abstract