Introducción: La preeclampsia es una patología que se presenta de forma exclusiva durante el embarazo; normalmente este cuadro clínico se presenta a partir de las 20 semanas de gestación, pero con mucha más frecuencia en el periodo final de la gestación Objetivo: Describir los factores de riesgos de preeclampsia en la primera gestación de mujeres jóvenes. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio cuantitativo de tipo documental- bibliográfico de nivel descriptivo. Se revisaron diferentes artículos relacionados con la temática de la investigación publicada en revistas indexadas en Scielo, Latindex 2.0 y Scopus. Se empleo la técnica de análisis y del fichaje electrónico. Resultados: Se ha identificado que uno de los principales factores de riesgo para su aparición es la edad en las gestantes, principalmente en aquellas que están por debajo de los 20 años de edad. Conclusiones: Entre los principales factores predisponentes, se logró identificar que la edad materna menor de 20 años y la primigestación tiene gran incidencia en este cuadro clínico. Se encontró que la prevalencia más alta de preeclampsia se concentra en edades entre 16 y 25 años. SUMMARYIntroduction: Preeclampsia is a pathology that occurs exclusively During pregnancy; Normally this clinical picture appears after 20 weeks of gestation, but much more frequently in the final period of the pregnancy. Objective: To describe the risk factors for preeclampsia in the first pregnancy of young women. Materials and Methods: Quantitative type study documentary-bibliographic descriptive level. Different articles were reviewed related to the theme of the research published in journals indexed in Scielo, Latindex 2.0 and Scopus. The technique of analysis and electronic recording was used. Results: It has been identified that one of the main risk factors for its appearance is the age in pregnant women, mainly in those who are below 20 years of age. Conclusions: Among the main predisposing factors, managed to identify that maternal age under 20 years and first pregnancy has great incidence in this clinical picture. It was found that the highest prevalence of preeclampsia is concentrated in ages between 16 and 25 years.
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