Currently used activated carbon electrodes from commercial products contain mostly micropores (<2 nm), which are not easily accessible to electrolyte ions. Therefore, mesoporous carbons, with their more accessible porous infrastructure, are promising materials to maximize the capacitance in electrochemical capacitors. This paper reports a new hybrid carbon nanofiber architecture having mesopores with a narrow distribution, highly accessible surface area, low resistivity, and high stability by electrospinning of starch without using the template method for the first time. By using the natural ability of the starch lamellar structure and controlling the carbonization temperature, we successfully fabricated a new hybrid carbon architecture consisting of CNT reinforced-carbon nanofibers with a pore diameter of 4.76 nm and pore volume of 0.31 cm 3 g À1 . It shows a higher specific capacitance (170 F g À1 ) and electrical conductivity (2.1 S cm À1 ) than other carbon materials derived from synthetic polymers and free-standing CNT papers.

Nanoporous metal foams have good electrical and thermal conductivities and potential catalytic activities because of their high surface areas. In this study, nanoporous cobalt foam was prepared by simple consolidation of a pearl-necklace-type CNT/Co 3 O 4 nanocomposite powder. During heat treatment of the precompacted powder in an inert atmosphere, Co 3 O 4 particles were reduced to cobalt metal and formed a three-dimensional, continuous nanoporous metallic structure. This nanoporous cobalt foam could be used as an excellent conducting framework because of the superior electrical conductivity of the metal. A Co/ Co(OH) 2 core-shell structure was prepared by coating Co(OH) 2 onto the nanoporous cobalt foam and using it as the electrode for a supercapacitor. Because of the high surface area of the nanoporous cobalt metal frame, the Co/Co(OH) 2 core-shell structure had a specific capacitance of 525 F g À1 at a current density of 0.5 A g À1 . Experimental2.1 CNT/Co 3 O 4 nanocomposite powder 20 vol% CNT/Co 3 O 4 nanocomposite powder was synthesized by a molecular-level mixing process. Multi-walled carbon

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